Pregnancy Risks: Unprotected Intercourse and Menstrual Irregularities

Probability of Pregnancy

Hello, doctor.
I would like to ask:
1.
If on the morning of the first day of my period it just ended, and in the afternoon I had unprotected intercourse without any arousal and did not ejaculate, but I'm unsure if pre-ejaculate fluid came into contact, then two days later I used a condom and confirmed that it did not break, is there a possibility of pregnancy?
2.
Additionally, my menstrual period in July only lasted three days (with very light flow), and it was 38 days since my last period in June.
However, the period from May to June was only seven days apart (both May and June periods lasted seven days).
Could this irregularity cause a risk of unintended pregnancy?

Sandy, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/07/30

Dr. Huang Zifei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Dear Sandy,
1.
It is possible.

2.
Irregular menstrual cycles make it more difficult to estimate the fertile window, so if your period is delayed, it is advisable to take a pregnancy test.

Dr.
Huang Tzu-Fei, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantou Hospital

Reply Date: 2020/07/30

More Info

When considering the risks of pregnancy, particularly in the context of unprotected intercourse and menstrual irregularities, it is essential to understand both the biological mechanisms involved and the implications of your specific situation.

1. Possibility of Pregnancy from Unprotected Intercourse: In your scenario, you mentioned having unprotected intercourse on the last day of your menstrual period, followed by protected intercourse two days later. The likelihood of pregnancy occurring from the first instance of unprotected intercourse is generally low, especially if it coincides with the end of your menstrual cycle. Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to five days, but if ovulation has not yet occurred, the chances of fertilization are significantly reduced. However, if there was any pre-ejaculatory fluid (pre-cum) that came into contact with the vaginal area, there is a small risk of pregnancy, as this fluid can contain sperm.

2. Menstrual Irregularities: You also mentioned experiencing irregular menstrual cycles, with your period lasting only three days and a gap of 38 days since your last cycle. Irregular cycles can complicate the understanding of your fertile window. Typically, ovulation occurs about 14 days before the start of your next period, but with irregular cycles, predicting ovulation can be challenging. If your cycles are typically longer or shorter than average, this could affect when you ovulate, potentially increasing the risk of pregnancy if unprotected intercourse occurs close to that time.

Given these factors, while the risk of pregnancy from the unprotected intercourse you described is relatively low, it is not entirely absent. If you are concerned about the possibility of being pregnant, consider taking a home pregnancy test if your period is late or if you experience any early signs of pregnancy, such as nausea, breast tenderness, or fatigue.

Additional Considerations
- Tracking Your Cycle: Keeping a detailed record of your menstrual cycle can help you identify patterns and better understand your fertile window. Apps and calendars can assist in tracking your cycle length, flow, and any irregularities.

- Consulting a Healthcare Provider: If you continue to experience irregular periods or have concerns about potential pregnancy, it may be beneficial to consult a healthcare provider. They can offer personalized advice, perform necessary tests, and discuss options for contraception if you wish to avoid pregnancy in the future.

- Understanding Fertility: If you are considering pregnancy or want to avoid it, understanding your fertility cycle is crucial. Ovulation predictor kits can help identify your fertile days, and learning about contraceptive methods can provide peace of mind.

In summary, while the risk of pregnancy from the described scenario is low, it is not negligible. Monitoring your menstrual cycle and consulting with a healthcare professional can provide clarity and guidance tailored to your specific situation.

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