Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Treatment and Lifestyle Tips

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

I have an irregular work schedule and often need to adjust to different time zones.
About a year ago, my menstrual periods started becoming shorter, and in the past six months, they have only lasted two days with minimal flow (I change my sanitary pad about 2-3 times a day).
I went to the hospital for tests (blood work and ultrasound), and the doctor said my hormone levels are normal, my weight is also normal (BMI 22), and I do not have excessive body hair.
However, the ultrasound showed several cysts, leading to a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
At that time, the doctor mentioned that medication was not necessary and that I should just monitor my menstrual cycle.
Subsequently, my periods extended to three days, but the flow remained light, and the doctor prescribed a one-month course of medication (Diane).
I would like to inquire: 1.
Is it necessary to take medication under these circumstances? (As I work abroad and cannot frequently return to Taiwan for medication.) 2.
Can exercise help improve my condition?

ting, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/08/12

Dr. Wu Xianghui reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

1.
Abnormal bleeding and irregular menstrual cycles can have many underlying causes; it is recommended to consult a gynecologist for evaluation.
2.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is considered a special condition rather than a disease, and management should involve lifestyle modifications in discussion with a physician.
3.
Polycystic ovary syndrome cannot be improved solely through exercise.

Reply Date: 2020/08/12

More Info

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterized by a combination of symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles, excess androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries. Given your situation, where you have been diagnosed with PCOS but have normal hormone levels and a healthy BMI, it is essential to understand the treatment options and lifestyle modifications that can help manage this condition effectively.

Treatment Options
1. Medication: The use of hormonal contraceptives, such as the pill you mentioned (Diane), is a common treatment for PCOS. These medications can help regulate your menstrual cycle, reduce androgen levels, and improve symptoms like acne and excessive hair growth. If you are unable to return to Taiwan for regular prescriptions, discuss with your healthcare provider about alternative options, such as a longer-term prescription or a different method of managing your symptoms.

2. Ovulation Induction: If you are considering pregnancy in the future, medications like Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid) may be prescribed to stimulate ovulation. This is particularly useful for women with irregular ovulation, which is common in PCOS.

3. Insulin Sensitizers: Since insulin resistance is often associated with PCOS, medications like Metformin can be beneficial. They help improve insulin sensitivity and can also aid in weight management, which is crucial for managing PCOS symptoms.

Lifestyle Modifications
1. Diet: A balanced diet that is low in refined carbohydrates and sugars can help manage insulin levels. Focus on whole foods, including fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Some studies suggest that a Mediterranean diet may be particularly beneficial for women with PCOS.

2. Exercise: Regular physical activity is one of the most effective ways to manage PCOS. It can help improve insulin sensitivity, aid in weight management, and regulate menstrual cycles. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, combined with strength training exercises at least twice a week.

3. Sleep Hygiene: Since you mentioned irregular sleep patterns, establishing a regular sleep schedule is crucial. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night. Poor sleep can exacerbate insulin resistance and hormonal imbalances.

4. Stress Management: High stress levels can negatively impact hormonal balance. Consider incorporating stress-reducing activities into your routine, such as yoga, meditation, or deep-breathing exercises.

5. Regular Monitoring: Since your menstrual cycle has been irregular, regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are essential. Monitoring your symptoms and hormone levels can help adjust your treatment plan as needed.

Conclusion
In summary, while medication can be beneficial in managing PCOS symptoms, lifestyle changes play a crucial role in long-term management. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, good sleep hygiene, and stress management can significantly improve your symptoms and overall well-being. If you have concerns about your treatment plan or the necessity of medication, it is important to have an open discussion with your healthcare provider. They can provide personalized advice based on your specific situation and future goals, such as pregnancy. Remember, managing PCOS is a holistic process that involves both medical and lifestyle interventions.

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