Positive Fecal Occult Blood Test Results: Next Steps - Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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When you receive a positive result from a fecal occult blood test (FOBT), it can understandably cause concern. The FOBT is a screening tool used to detect hidden (occult) blood in the stool, which can be an indicator of various conditions, including colorectal cancer, polyps, or other gastrointestinal issues. A result of 15 ng/ml being positive suggests that there is indeed blood present in your stool, which warrants further investigation.

The first step after receiving a positive FOBT result is to consult with your healthcare provider. They will likely recommend a follow-up colonoscopy. A colonoscopy is a procedure that allows a doctor to examine the inside of the colon and rectum using a flexible tube with a camera. This procedure is crucial because it can help identify the source of the bleeding, whether it be polyps, inflammation, or cancer.

It's important to note that a positive FOBT does not definitively mean that you have cancer. There are many benign conditions that can cause blood in the stool, such as hemorrhoids, diverticulosis, or inflammatory bowel disease. However, the presence of blood should never be ignored, and further evaluation is necessary to rule out serious conditions.

In addition to a colonoscopy, your doctor may also consider other diagnostic tests based on your medical history, symptoms, and risk factors. These could include imaging studies, such as a CT scan, or additional blood tests to assess your overall health and check for anemia, which can occur if there is significant blood loss.

If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors, your doctor may recommend a colonoscopy sooner rather than later. The general recommendation is that individuals at average risk for colorectal cancer begin screening at age 45, but those with a family history or other risk factors may need to start earlier.

In the meantime, it's essential to monitor any symptoms you may experience, such as changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, weight loss, or any other unusual signs. Keeping a record of these symptoms can be helpful for your healthcare provider during your follow-up appointment.

In summary, a positive fecal occult blood test is a signal that further investigation is needed. A colonoscopy is the most appropriate next step to determine the cause of the bleeding. While it can be a stressful time, remember that many conditions that cause positive FOBT results are treatable, and early detection is key to effective management. Don't hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for guidance and support throughout this process.