Urticaria: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

What is urticaria?

It should be called urticaria.
I'm not very clear about it; I visited a dermatologist last August who told me it was urticaria, but I'm still not quite sure what it is.
The doctor mentioned that it cannot be cured; is that true?

You Ke, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2003/01/22

Dr. Jiang Zheen reply Dermatology

Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is one of the most prevalent skin allergies.
There are many potential triggers for this condition, with the most common being food and medications.
As long as the underlying cause is identified and exposure to these allergens is avoided, the condition will not recur.
However, if there is continued exposure to the allergens, it will still manifest.
Wishing you safety and well-being.

Reply Date: 2003/01/22

More Info

Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by raised, itchy welts or bumps on the skin. These welts can vary in size and may appear anywhere on the body. Understanding urticaria involves recognizing its causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

Causes of Urticaria
Urticaria can be triggered by a variety of factors, which can be broadly categorized into:
1. Allergic Reactions: Common allergens include certain foods (like nuts, shellfish, eggs), medications (such as antibiotics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), and insect stings.

2. Physical Triggers: Some individuals may experience hives in response to physical stimuli such as pressure, temperature changes (heat or cold), sunlight, or exercise.

3. Infections: Viral infections, particularly in children, can lead to acute urticaria.

4. Chronic Conditions: Chronic urticaria can be associated with autoimmune diseases, thyroid disorders, or chronic infections.

5. Stress: Emotional stress can also exacerbate or trigger episodes of hives in some individuals.

Symptoms of Urticaria
The primary symptom of urticaria is the appearance of raised, itchy welts on the skin. These can be red or skin-colored and may vary in size. Other symptoms may include:
- Swelling (angioedema) in deeper layers of the skin, often around the eyes and lips.

- Itching, which can be mild to severe.

- The welts may change shape and location, often disappearing and reappearing within hours.

Treatment Options
While urticaria can be uncomfortable and distressing, there are several treatment options available:
1. Antihistamines: These are the first-line treatment for urticaria. Non-sedating antihistamines (like loratadine or cetirizine) are commonly prescribed to help alleviate itching and reduce the appearance of hives.

2. Corticosteroids: For more severe cases, short courses of oral corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and control symptoms.

3. Avoidance of Triggers: Identifying and avoiding known triggers can help manage symptoms. Keeping a diary of food intake, medications, and activities may help identify patterns.

4. Immunotherapy: In cases of chronic urticaria that do not respond to conventional treatments, newer therapies such as omalizumab (a monoclonal antibody) may be considered.

5. Lifestyle Modifications: Stress management techniques, such as mindfulness, yoga, or therapy, can be beneficial, especially if stress is a trigger.

Is Urticaria Curable?
Unfortunately, urticaria is often a chronic condition that may not have a definitive cure. Acute urticaria may resolve on its own, especially if it is triggered by a specific allergen or infection. However, chronic urticaria can persist for months or even years, and while it can often be managed effectively with treatment, it may require ongoing care and monitoring.

In conclusion, while urticaria can be a frustrating condition, understanding its causes, recognizing symptoms, and exploring treatment options can significantly improve quality of life. If you have been diagnosed with urticaria, it is essential to work closely with your healthcare provider to develop a personalized management plan that addresses your specific needs and triggers.

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