the Reliability of Herpes Blood Tests and Transmission Risks

Q: the Reliability of Herpes Blood Tests and Transmission Risks

Hello： From my understanding, if someone tests positive, it only indicates that they have had an infection in the past; the current lesion may not necessarily be herpes. <br>It is advisable to visit a dermatologist if there are lesions, and if they are located on the genitals, th

The reliability of herpes blood tests?

Hello Doctor, last week I had a blood test at the lab and my results showed a genital herpes index of over 120.
I would like to ask if my childhood history of chickenpox could affect the test results and lead to a false positive for genital herpes, or if I truly have genital herpes.
Previously, I had a few lesions near my buttocks that resembled chickenpox, and a urologist diagnosed them as shingles, so I didn't think much of it.
Now that the blood test indicates genital herpes, I am really worried.

Additionally, in my daily life, I wash clothes with my family, share toilets, use the same sofa, and share showers, faucets, and handheld showers.
Could I potentially transmit the virus to my family through these activities? If I am not experiencing any outbreaks, what tests can I take to more definitively determine whether I have ever had genital herpes? I really need to know for sure to avoid transmitting it to others.
Thank you, Doctor, for taking the time to respond.

Ci, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/11/03

Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology

Hello: From my understanding, if someone tests positive, it only indicates that they have had an infection in the past; the current lesion may not necessarily be herpes.
It is advisable to visit a dermatologist if there are lesions, and if they are located on the genitals, then a urologist should be consulted.
Regarding transmission, if there are lesions, direct skin contact can pose a risk of infection.
If a blister breaks, contact with the bodily fluids on another person's skin can also be a risk.
As for sharing any tools or equipment, under normal circumstances, this should not pose a risk.
The best diagnosis occurs when a physician examines the lesions; other tests and examinations are merely for reference.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2020/11/03

More Info

When it comes to understanding the reliability of herpes blood tests and the associated transmission risks, it's essential to clarify a few key points regarding herpes simplex virus (HSV), its testing, and the implications for daily life.

Firstly, herpes is caused by two types of viruses: HSV-1, which is commonly associated with oral herpes (cold sores), and HSV-2, which is primarily linked to genital herpes. If your blood test indicates a high titer for genital herpes (HSV-2), it suggests that you have been exposed to the virus. However, it is important to note that having a history of chickenpox (varicella) does not influence the results of a herpes test. Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is different from the herpes simplex viruses. Therefore, your previous experience with chickenpox should not affect the accuracy of your herpes test results.

Regarding the lesions you described near your buttocks, if they were diagnosed as shingles (herpes zoster), this is also caused by the varicella-zoster virus and is distinct from genital herpes. Shingles can occur in individuals who have previously had chickenpox, and it typically presents as a painful rash in a localized area. If you have been diagnosed with shingles, it does not mean you have genital herpes, but it does indicate a history of varicella-zoster virus infection.

In terms of transmission risks, HSV is primarily spread through direct skin-to-skin contact, particularly during an outbreak when sores are present. However, it is also possible to transmit the virus when no visible symptoms are present, a phenomenon known as asymptomatic shedding. This means that even if you are not experiencing an outbreak, there is still a risk of transmission to sexual partners.

Regarding your concerns about daily interactions with family members, such as sharing laundry, using the same toilet, or bathing together, the risk of transmitting genital herpes in these contexts is extremely low. HSV is not spread through casual contact or shared surfaces. The virus does not survive long outside the human body, so activities like sharing towels or using the same shower do not pose a significant risk of transmission.

If you want to confirm whether you have ever had genital herpes, you can consider additional testing. A type-specific serological test can help determine if you have antibodies to HSV-1 or HSV-2. This test is particularly useful if you have never had an outbreak or if your symptoms have been mild and unrecognized. If you are concerned about your status, consulting with a healthcare provider for further evaluation and testing is advisable.

In summary, while a positive test for genital herpes indicates exposure to the virus, it does not imply that you will necessarily experience outbreaks or that you pose a significant risk to family members through casual contact. If you have further concerns or experience symptoms, it is essential to seek medical advice for appropriate management and to discuss preventive measures for sexual health.

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