Groin Lumps: When to Worry About Tumors or Infections

Inguinal mass

About two months ago, I first noticed a hard lump approximately 4 centimeters in size in the groin area of my left leg.
It feels soft on the surface but is hard at the base and painful when pressed, giving a sensation of being connected to other areas.
After a few days, it gradually disappeared, but I could still feel a small nodule.
About ten days later, it enlarged again, and after disappearing, there was still a small nodule.
This is the fourth time it has enlarged, and there is some redness and swelling in the thigh area next to the lump, which is also painful.
I would like to know if this could be a malignant tumor or if it is simply lymphadenitis or another issue.
Should I see a dermatologist or a general surgeon? Thank you, doctor!

Jiao Lü De Ren, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/11/21

Dr. Hu Ziren reply Oncology

Recurrent episodes that come and go; it is recommended to first consult a general surgeon.

Reply Date: 2020/11/21

More Info

When it comes to groin lumps, understanding the underlying causes is crucial for determining whether they are benign or potentially serious. The symptoms you describe—a hard lump in the groin that fluctuates in size, accompanied by tenderness and redness—could indicate a variety of conditions, ranging from benign lymphadenopathy to more serious issues such as tumors or infections.

Possible Causes of Groin Lumps
1. Lymphadenopathy: The groin area contains lymph nodes that can become swollen due to infections, inflammation, or malignancies. Given that your lump has been fluctuating in size and is tender, it is possible that it is a reactive lymph node responding to an infection or inflammation in the body. Common infections that can cause lymphadenopathy include sexually transmitted infections, skin infections, or even systemic infections.

2. Infections: Conditions such as abscesses or cellulitis can lead to localized swelling and tenderness in the groin area. If the lump is soft and painful, it might be an abscess that requires drainage. The redness and pain you mentioned could also suggest an inflammatory process.

3. Benign Tumors: Lipomas (fatty tumors) or cysts can also present as lumps in the groin. These are generally soft and movable, and they do not typically cause pain unless they press on surrounding structures.

4. Malignant Tumors: While less common, it is important to consider the possibility of malignancy, especially if the lump persists, grows larger, or is associated with systemic symptoms like weight loss, fever, or night sweats. Lymphoma or metastatic cancer can present as groin lumps.

When to Seek Medical Attention
Given the recurrent nature of your lump, its painfulness, and the associated redness, it is advisable to seek medical evaluation. Here are some guidelines on when to worry:
- Persistent Lump: If the lump does not resolve or continues to grow.

- Associated Symptoms: If you experience fever, night sweats, unexplained weight loss, or fatigue.

- Pain and Redness: If the area becomes increasingly painful or shows signs of infection (increased redness, warmth, or drainage).

Which Specialist to See
For your situation, it would be appropriate to start with a visit to a general surgeon or a primary care physician. They can perform a physical examination and may order imaging studies (like an ultrasound) to assess the lump further. If necessary, they can refer you to a specialist, such as a dermatologist for skin-related issues or an oncologist if there is a concern for malignancy.

Conclusion
In summary, while many groin lumps are benign and related to lymphadenopathy or infections, the characteristics of your lump warrant further investigation. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional who can provide a thorough evaluation and appropriate management. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to addressing any underlying issues effectively.

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