HPV Positive Results: Key Questions and Concerns for Women

HPV Positive Issues

Hello Doctor, last week I had a free traditional Pap smear and HPV screening.
The Pap smear result showed inflammation, and the HPV test indicated infections with types 53 and 39, with a quantity of ++.
I would like to ask the doctor: 1.
Is there a possibility of false negatives with the traditional Pap smear? Should I proceed with a liquid-based cytology test? 2.
Since this is my first screening and I am unsure how long I have been infected with HPV, how often do you recommend I return for follow-up? 3.
I have been experiencing inflammation for the past two years and have consulted many hospitals and clinics, where doctors have performed pelvic exams and diagnosed me with a Candida infection.
Is this related to HPV? 4.
What is my risk of developing cervical cancer? I am really very concerned, thank you.

Hai hai, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/03/30

Dr. Huang Yuande reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

1.
In principle, it is not necessary, but it is recommended to have a Pap smear examination annually.
2.
Once a year is sufficient.
3.
There is no direct correlation.
4.
The probability is low, but it still falls within the risk group; regular Pap smear follow-ups are advised, and there is no need to be overly anxious.

Reply Date: 2021/03/30

More Info

Understanding HPV Positive Results: Key Questions and Concerns for Women
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection, with many types that can affect both men and women. While most HPV infections resolve on their own, certain high-risk types can lead to serious health issues, including cervical cancer. Your recent diagnosis of HPV types 53 and 39, along with inflammation noted in your Pap smear, raises several important questions. Let’s address your concerns one by one.

1. False Negatives in Traditional Pap Smears: It is true that traditional Pap smears can yield false negatives, particularly if the sample does not adequately capture abnormal cells. Thin-layer Pap smears (also known as liquid-based cytology) are often recommended as they can provide a more accurate assessment of cervical health. If your doctor suggests it, undergoing a thin-layer Pap test could be beneficial to ensure that any abnormalities are detected.

2. Follow-Up Testing: Since this is your first HPV screening and you have tested positive for high-risk types, it is crucial to establish a follow-up plan. Generally, it is recommended to have a Pap smear and HPV test every 3 years for women aged 21-29, and every 5 years for women aged 30 and older if both tests are negative. However, given your positive HPV result, your healthcare provider may recommend more frequent monitoring, possibly in 6 to 12 months, to track any changes in your cervical health.

3. Connection Between Inflammation and HPV: Chronic inflammation, such as that caused by a yeast infection (candidiasis), is not directly caused by HPV. However, persistent inflammation can create an environment that may influence the progression of HPV-related changes. It is essential to treat any infections you have, as they can complicate the interpretation of cervical screening results. If you have ongoing symptoms, it may be worth discussing further evaluation or treatment options with your healthcare provider.

4. Risk of Cervical Cancer: The presence of high-risk HPV types does increase the risk of developing cervical cancer, but it is essential to remember that not all women with HPV will develop cancer. The majority of HPV infections are cleared by the immune system within two years. Regular screening and follow-up are crucial in detecting any precancerous changes early. If you maintain regular check-ups and follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations, your risk can be effectively managed.

In summary, it is understandable to feel anxious about your HPV diagnosis, but it is essential to stay informed and proactive about your health. Regular screenings, appropriate follow-up, and open communication with your healthcare provider are key components in managing HPV and reducing the risk of cervical cancer. If you have further questions or concerns, do not hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for personalized advice and support. Remember, you are not alone in this, and there are resources available to help you navigate your health journey.

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