Pregnancy Risk After Intercourse Before Ovulation

Q: Pregnancy Risk After Intercourse Before Ovulation

Hello, Miss Pei： Since you have already taken the emergency contraceptive pill, and if it was taken within 48 hours, the success rate of contraception should be as high as 90% to 95%. <br>The likelihood of pregnancy is very low, so there is no need to worry too much.

Sexual intercourse the day before ovulation?

My last menstrual period was from April 19 to April 24.
Today (May 2), I had sexual intercourse with my boyfriend, and although we used a condom, I felt it wasn't on properly, so I bought and took emergency contraception.
I checked my app, and it indicates that May 2 is a high fertility day, so I would like to know the chances of getting pregnant.

Pei, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/05/02

Dr. Huang Yiwen reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, Miss Pei: Since you have already taken the emergency contraceptive pill, and if it was taken within 48 hours, the success rate of contraception should be as high as 90% to 95%.
The likelihood of pregnancy is very low, so there is no need to worry too much.

Reply Date: 2021/05/02

More Info

When considering the risk of pregnancy after intercourse, especially in relation to the timing of ovulation, it is essential to understand the menstrual cycle and how ovulation works. The menstrual cycle typically lasts about 28 days, but it can vary from person to person. Ovulation usually occurs around 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period. In your case, if your last menstrual period was from April 19 to April 24, and assuming a typical 28-day cycle, ovulation would likely occur around May 3 or 4.

Having intercourse on May 2 places you very close to your ovulation window. Sperm can live inside the female reproductive tract for up to five days, which means that if you ovulate shortly after intercourse, there is a possibility that the sperm could fertilize the egg. The fact that you used a condom provides a layer of protection, but since you mentioned concerns about the condom not being properly fitted, this could increase the risk of sperm exposure.

Taking emergency contraception (the "morning-after pill") is a responsible decision if you are concerned about the possibility of pregnancy. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to 5 days after. They work primarily by delaying ovulation, which would prevent fertilization from occurring.

Regarding the likelihood of pregnancy, if you had unprotected intercourse during your fertile window (which includes the days leading up to and including ovulation), the risk of pregnancy is higher. However, since you took emergency contraception, this significantly reduces the chance of pregnancy. The effectiveness of ECPs can vary, but they are generally around 75-89% effective when taken within the recommended time frame.

It is also important to note that while emergency contraception is a safe and effective way to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, it should not be used as a regular form of birth control. If you find yourself needing emergency contraception frequently, it may be beneficial to discuss long-term contraceptive options with your healthcare provider.

In summary, while there is a risk of pregnancy due to the timing of your intercourse relative to ovulation, taking emergency contraception is a proactive step that can help mitigate that risk. If you have any further concerns or experience any unusual symptoms, it would be wise to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and support.

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