Ear Congestion: Causes, Tests, and Relief Options

Ear fullness sensation

Hello Doctor, I started experiencing a feeling of fullness in my right ear at the end of last year.
I went to the hospital for an examination, and the doctor said to monitor it.
However, it felt more blocked, so I went to a clinic.
The doctor prescribed me the best medication, and if it didn't work, I would need to be referred to a larger hospital.
Since it didn't improve, I was referred to a larger hospital and scheduled for an examination on June 21.
The fullness has fluctuated, sometimes feeling more blocked and sometimes less so, but now it has become persistently blocked.
I would like to ask: 1.
What could be causing this? 2.
Besides hearing tests, what other examinations can be done? 3.
How can I alleviate this condition?

Lucia, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/06/07

Dr. Li Jiaxuan reply Otolaryngology

Eustachian tube obstruction or inner ear lymphatic issues can be diagnosed through hearing tests, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests or imaging studies can be performed to check for conditions such as acoustic neuroma.
These potential diagnoses need to be established before any recommendations can be made.
Wishing you well.

Reply Date: 2021/06/07

More Info

Ear congestion can be a frustrating and uncomfortable experience, and understanding its causes, diagnostic tests, and relief options is essential for effective management. Based on your description, it seems you have been experiencing fluctuating sensations of ear congestion, which can be attributed to several underlying factors.

Causes of Ear Congestion
1. Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the throat and helps equalize pressure. If this tube becomes blocked or fails to open properly, it can lead to a feeling of fullness or congestion in the ear. This dysfunction can be caused by allergies, colds, sinus infections, or changes in altitude.

2. Middle Ear Infections (Otitis Media): Infections can cause fluid buildup in the middle ear, leading to pressure and discomfort. Symptoms may include ear pain, fever, and hearing loss.

3. Allergies: Allergic reactions can cause inflammation and swelling in the nasal passages and Eustachian tubes, leading to congestion.

4. Barotrauma: Rapid changes in pressure, such as during flying or diving, can cause discomfort and a feeling of fullness in the ears.

5. Cerumen Impaction: Excess earwax can block the ear canal, leading to a sensation of fullness and potential hearing loss.

Diagnostic Tests
In addition to hearing tests, several other evaluations can help determine the cause of your ear congestion:
1. Tympanometry: This test measures the movement of the eardrum in response to changes in air pressure. It can help assess the function of the middle ear and Eustachian tube.

2. Nasal Endoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a camera can be inserted into the nasal passages to visualize any obstructions or inflammation that may be affecting the Eustachian tube.

3. CT Scan: If there is a suspicion of structural issues, such as tumors or chronic sinusitis, a CT scan can provide detailed images of the ear and surrounding structures.

4. Allergy Testing: If allergies are suspected to be a contributing factor, allergy testing can help identify specific triggers.

Relief Options
Managing ear congestion often involves addressing the underlying cause. Here are some strategies that may help alleviate your symptoms:
1. Decongestants: Over-the-counter decongestants can help reduce nasal swelling and improve Eustachian tube function. However, they should be used cautiously and not for extended periods.

2. Nasal Steroid Sprays: These can help reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and Eustachian tubes, providing relief from congestion.

3. Valsalva Maneuver: This technique involves closing your mouth, pinching your nose, and gently blowing to equalize pressure in the ears. It can be effective in relieving mild congestion.

4. Warm Compress: Applying a warm compress to the affected ear may help alleviate discomfort and promote drainage.

5. Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of fluids can help thin mucus and promote drainage.

6. Avoid Irritants: Stay away from smoke, strong odors, and allergens that may exacerbate your symptoms.

7. Consultation with an ENT Specialist: If your symptoms persist or worsen, it may be beneficial to consult an Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist for a comprehensive evaluation and tailored treatment plan.

In summary, ear congestion can arise from various causes, and understanding these can guide effective management. If your symptoms continue to fluctuate or worsen, seeking further evaluation and treatment from a healthcare professional is advisable.

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