Irregular Periods and Pregnancy Risks After Emergency Contraception

Menstrual issues

Hello doctor, I have irregular menstrual cycles.
After taking emergency contraception on September 3, I experienced bleeding from September 10 to September 14.
The app reminded me that my period was due a few days ago, but it has not arrived yet.
Currently, I am only experiencing diarrhea.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy in this situation?

Chen Chen, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/10/10

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the bleeding is likely related to taking the emergency contraceptive pill.
The chances of pregnancy should be low; you can just monitor the situation.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2021/10/10

More Info

When it comes to understanding irregular menstrual cycles and the risks of pregnancy after taking emergency contraception, it's important to consider several factors. First, let's break down the situation based on the information provided.

You mentioned that you have irregular periods and took emergency contraception (EC) on September 3. Following that, you experienced bleeding from September 10 to September 14. This bleeding could be a side effect of the emergency contraception, which is not uncommon. EC can cause changes in your menstrual cycle, including spotting or breakthrough bleeding, which might be mistaken for a period.
Emergency contraception is designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, and it is most effective when taken as soon as possible after the event. The effectiveness decreases the longer you wait, but it can still be effective if taken within 72 to 120 hours, depending on the type of pill. Since you took the EC within a reasonable timeframe, it likely reduced your risk of pregnancy.

Now, regarding your current situation where your period has not yet arrived despite the app indicating it should, there are a few possibilities to consider:
1. Delayed Menstruation: After taking EC, it is common for your next period to be delayed or to come earlier than expected. The hormonal changes induced by the EC can disrupt your normal cycle, leading to irregularities.

2. Pregnancy Risk: The risk of pregnancy after taking EC is generally low, especially if you took it correctly and within the recommended time frame. However, if you had unprotected intercourse after taking the EC, there is still a possibility of pregnancy. If your period does not arrive within a week of the expected date, it would be advisable to take a home pregnancy test for confirmation.

3. Gastrointestinal Symptoms: You mentioned experiencing diarrhea. While gastrointestinal symptoms can occur after taking EC, they are not typically associated with pregnancy. However, if you are experiencing significant changes in your body or symptoms that concern you, it’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider.

In summary, while the likelihood of pregnancy after taking emergency contraception is generally low, especially if taken promptly, the irregularity of your menstrual cycle can complicate the situation. If your period does not arrive soon, taking a pregnancy test is a prudent step. Additionally, if you continue to experience unusual symptoms or have concerns about your menstrual health, seeking advice from a healthcare professional is recommended. They can provide personalized guidance and support based on your specific circumstances.

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