Irregular Menstruation After COVID-19 Vaccination

Irregular menstruation?

Hello, doctor.
After receiving my first dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine, I experienced a delay in my menstrual period, which came about a week late.
Additionally, I had two instances of orange-red discharge with blood between my periods, and I experienced lower abdominal pressure.
I initially thought this might be a side effect of the AstraZeneca vaccine.
Later, my cycle changed, and after receiving the second dose of AstraZeneca, my period unexpectedly arrived a week early.
Although I did not notice any significant blood-stained discharge before it started, I did see traces of blood in my urine.
Eventually, my period started normally, but today is the eighth day, and there is still a small amount of blood.
Typically, my period ends with brown discharge, and it usually lasts about 6-7 days.
Today, however, I still see orange-red or pink menstrual blood when I use the restroom (though the amount resembles blood-stained discharge, as I hardly see any on my pad throughout the day, but I notice it when I wipe).

1.
Could this be a side effect of the AstraZeneca vaccine?
2.
This is the first time I have experienced a prolonged menstrual period.
Should I see a gynecologist, or can I wait and observe for a few days?
3.
Prior to the vaccination, I had abdominal pain and underwent both abdominal and transvaginal ultrasounds, and the doctor indicated that everything appeared normal, attributing it to ovulation pain.
I also consulted about bleeding issues after the first dose of AstraZeneca, and it was suggested that it might be ovulation bleeding.
However, this time it occurred right after my period, so I shouldn't be ovulating so soon.
Is it possible that this could be ovulation bleeding?
Thank you.

Chai Chai, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/11/23

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the bleeding time has been a bit long, which may be related to the vaccination.
However, it is still advisable to consult a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2021/11/23

More Info

After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, particularly the AstraZeneca (AZ) vaccine, many individuals have reported experiencing changes in their menstrual cycles. Your concerns regarding delayed menstruation, unusual discharge, and prolonged bleeding are valid and worth discussing in detail.

1. Possible Side Effects of the AZ Vaccine: It is indeed possible that the changes you are experiencing in your menstrual cycle could be related to the AZ vaccine. Research has indicated that hormonal fluctuations can occur after vaccination, potentially leading to irregularities in menstrual cycles. The immune response triggered by the vaccine may influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, which regulates menstrual cycles. While these side effects are generally considered mild and temporary, they can vary significantly among individuals.
2. Duration of Menstrual Changes: Given that you have experienced a prolonged menstrual period (lasting beyond your usual 6-7 days), it is advisable to monitor your symptoms closely. If the bleeding continues beyond a week or if you experience significant discomfort, it would be prudent to consult a gynecologist. They can perform a thorough evaluation to rule out any underlying conditions, such as hormonal imbalances or other gynecological issues. It’s essential to ensure that there are no complications, especially if the bleeding is atypical for you.

3. Ovulation and Bleeding: Regarding your question about ovulation bleeding, it is less likely that you are experiencing ovulation bleeding so soon after your menstrual period. Ovulation typically occurs about 14 days before the start of your next period, and if you are experiencing bleeding shortly after your menstrual cycle, it is more likely to be related to the vaccine or other factors rather than ovulation. However, some women do experience mid-cycle spotting, which can be influenced by various factors, including stress, hormonal changes, or even the vaccine.

In summary, while it is possible that your menstrual irregularities are related to the AZ vaccine, it is crucial to keep an eye on your symptoms. If the changes persist or worsen, seeking medical advice is the best course of action. Your health and well-being are paramount, and a healthcare professional can provide personalized guidance based on your specific situation.
Additionally, it is worth noting that menstrual irregularities can occur for various reasons, including stress, changes in routine, or underlying health conditions. Therefore, maintaining a record of your menstrual cycle and any associated symptoms can be beneficial for your healthcare provider in making an accurate assessment.

Lastly, if you have any concerns about your health or the effects of the vaccine, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional. They can provide you with the most accurate information and support tailored to your needs.

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