Genital Warts: Diagnosis, Concerns, and Safe Practices

Q: Genital Warts: Diagnosis, Concerns, and Safe Practices

Hello： 1. Is there a possibility of misdiagnosis in biopsy examinations? I am very confused and considering getting checked at another clinic. --> Of course, there is no 100% certainty; generally, there will be a report. 2. Are there any other methods to c

Cauliflower infection

Hello Doctor, recently I had no direct contact with my partner's genitalia, only hand contact.
Over a week later, I discovered a polyp on my foreskin (unsure if it was already there).
I went to the hospital for a biopsy.
Before the biopsy, the doctor mentioned that it did not look like typical genital warts, but after the biopsy, it was confirmed to be warts.
However, my sexual history is very simple, and the hand contact only occurred about a week ago.
It seems unlikely that it could appear so quickly.

1.
Is there a possibility of misdiagnosis in the biopsy? I am very confused and considering going to another clinic for a check-up.
2.
Are there other methods to confirm whether it is indeed genital warts, since the lesion has already been removed? I am very distressed as it cannot be assessed visually or through biopsy now.
3.
If it is indeed genital warts, how can I feel secure about having relations with my partner in the future, especially if the virus can remain dormant?
4.
What precautions should I take in daily life? Is there a risk of transmitting it to friends and family?

Xiansheng, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/12/01

Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology

Hello:
1.
Is there a possibility of misdiagnosis in biopsy examinations? I am very confused and considering getting checked at another clinic.
--> Of course, there is no 100% certainty; generally, there will be a report.

2.
Are there any other methods to confirm whether there are warts, since the lesions have been removed? I am very distressed as they cannot be seen with the naked eye or through biopsy.
--> Most likely, a tissue pathology biopsy is still needed for more reliable results.

3.
If it is indeed the case, how can I feel safe engaging in sexual relations with my partner, considering the virus may remain dormant? --> At the very least, practice safe sex by using condoms, and women should undergo gynecological examinations.

4.
What should I pay attention to in daily life? Is there a risk of transmitting it to friends and family? --> Transmission primarily occurs through sexual activity; casual contact generally does not result in transmission.

Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2021/12/01

More Info

Genital warts, caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), can indeed be a source of confusion and concern, especially when it comes to diagnosis and transmission. Let's break down your questions and concerns regarding diagnosis, safe practices, and living with HPV.

1. Possibility of Misdiagnosis: While it is possible for a biopsy to yield a false negative, the likelihood of a false positive is relatively low when it comes to identifying genital warts. The appearance of genital warts can vary significantly, and they may not always look like the typical "cauliflower" shape. However, if you have doubts about the diagnosis, seeking a second opinion is a reasonable step. Different healthcare providers may have varying levels of experience with HPV-related conditions, and a second biopsy or consultation with a dermatologist or a specialist in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) could provide additional clarity.

2. Confirming the Diagnosis: Since the wart has been excised, it may be challenging to visually confirm the presence of genital warts. However, HPV can sometimes be detected through specific tests, such as HPV DNA testing, which can identify the presence of high-risk HPV strains. Discuss with your healthcare provider whether such testing is appropriate in your case. They may also recommend regular follow-ups to monitor for any new growths or changes.

3. Safe Practices with Partners: If you have been diagnosed with genital warts, it is crucial to communicate openly with your partner. While HPV can remain dormant in the body, it is also possible for the virus to be transmitted even when warts are not visible. Using condoms can significantly reduce the risk of transmission, although it does not eliminate it entirely, as HPV can infect areas not covered by a condom. Vaccination against HPV is also an effective preventive measure for your partner, especially if they have not been vaccinated previously. The HPV vaccine can protect against the most common strains that cause genital warts and cervical cancer.

4. Daily Life and Transmission Concerns: In terms of daily life, maintaining good hygiene is essential. Regular handwashing, especially after touching any affected areas, can help reduce the risk of spreading the virus. However, HPV is primarily transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, so casual contact (like hugging or sharing utensils) does not pose a risk of transmission. It is also important to avoid sexual activity during outbreaks or when warts are present to minimize the risk of spreading the virus.

In conclusion, while the diagnosis of genital warts can be distressing, understanding the nature of HPV and how it is transmitted can help you manage your health and relationships more effectively. Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider, open communication with partners, and practicing safe sex are all vital components of living with HPV. If you have further concerns or experience new symptoms, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for guidance.

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