Symptoms of Balanitis: Redness, Pain, and Discharge

The foreskin is red and swollen, with a small area of broken skin that is bleeding. There is itching at the opening, and there is a white substance present. There is also a white substance on the glans?

Hello Doctor: About a week ago, I noticed swelling and redness of the foreskin.
The swollen area is located just below the glans when erect, while the surrounding area appears normal.
The swollen part also has some broken skin and is bleeding slightly.
It is difficult to retract the foreskin, and doing so causes pain; I have to do it slowly.
During the retraction, I noticed a white substance on the glans, and the foreskin seems to be sticky.
Despite cleaning daily, I am concerned about what might be causing this condition.
Do I need to consider a circumcision? I am overweight and have not been tested for diabetes.

Xiao Ming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/12/05

Dr. Cai Zhuorong reply Urology

As you mentioned, I recommend that you seek medical attention to undergo blood tests to rule out diabetes.
Balanitis can be treated with medication.
If it recurs, surgical intervention is advised.

Reply Date: 2021/12/05

More Info

Balanitis is an inflammation of the glans (the head of the penis) and is often characterized by symptoms such as redness, swelling, pain, and discharge. Based on your description, it seems you are experiencing several classic symptoms of balanitis, including redness and swelling of the foreskin, pain during retraction, and the presence of a whitish discharge.
There are several potential causes for balanitis, including:
1. Infections: Bacterial, fungal (such as Candida), or viral infections can lead to inflammation. Yeast infections are particularly common in individuals who are uncircumcised, as the warm, moist environment under the foreskin can promote fungal growth.

2. Poor Hygiene: Inadequate cleaning can lead to the accumulation of smegma, a combination of dead skin cells and oils, which can irritate the skin and lead to inflammation.

3. Skin Conditions: Conditions such as eczema or psoriasis can also affect the genital area, leading to symptoms similar to those of balanitis.

4. Allergic Reactions: Allergies to soaps, lotions, or latex (from condoms) can cause irritation and inflammation.

5. Diabetes: Individuals with diabetes are more prone to infections, including balanitis, due to higher glucose levels in the urine, which can promote yeast growth.

Given your symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical attention. A healthcare provider can perform a physical examination and may take a sample of the discharge for laboratory analysis to determine the underlying cause. Treatment will depend on the specific cause identified.
For instance, if a fungal infection is diagnosed, antifungal creams or medications may be prescribed. If a bacterial infection is present, antibiotics may be necessary. In cases of severe or recurrent balanitis, circumcision may be recommended as a definitive treatment, especially if hygiene is a persistent issue.

In the meantime, here are some general recommendations:
- Maintain Good Hygiene: Gently clean the area with mild soap and water daily. Ensure that the area is thoroughly dried afterward, as moisture can exacerbate fungal infections.

- Avoid Irritants: Steer clear of scented soaps, lotions, or any products that may irritate the genital area.

- Wear Loose-fitting Clothing: This can help reduce moisture and friction, which may alleviate some discomfort.

- Monitor Blood Sugar Levels: If you suspect you may have diabetes, it would be wise to consult a healthcare provider for testing and management.

In conclusion, while balanitis can often be treated effectively, it is essential to identify the underlying cause to prevent recurrence. Please consult a healthcare professional as soon as possible to receive appropriate care and guidance tailored to your specific situation.

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