Symptoms: Infection or Leukemia Concerns? - Oncology

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Infection? Leukemia?


Hello Doctor: I have a history of hypertension and usually take medication to control it.
My routine blood tests show a white blood cell count of about 12,000 to 13,000.
On January 14, I received the third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, and three days later, in the afternoon, I suddenly experienced hypoglycemia, sweating, and a blood sugar level of 53 (I had instant noodles and a drink for lunch).
On January 18, my heart rate was 110, and my blood pressure was 178/105.
I had left flank pain and lower abdominal pain, so I went to see a doctor (no fever).
An abdominal CT scan was performed (no issues found), and a kidney ultrasound showed slight edema in the left flank.
Blood tests showed: HB 13.600, PLT 323.000, RBC 4.520, WBC 16.840, BA% 0.500, EO% 1.000, LY% 13.500, MO% 3.700, NE% 81.300, Hs-CRP (acute) 0.186.
I was prescribed antibiotics and sent home.
On January 24, in the early morning, I suddenly experienced palpitations and shortness of breath while sleeping, with a heart rate of 130 and blood pressure of 198/98.
I went to the emergency room, and the blood tests showed: CRP 0.24, RBC 4.18, Neutrophil-Segment 67.0, Neutrophil Band 1.0, NRBC 0.0, Myelocyte 1.0, Monocyte 3.1, Lymphocyte 21.7, Hb 12.5, Platelet 330, WBC 17.68, Atypical lymphocyte 2.1, Basophil 0.0, Eosinophil 1.0, Hypersegmented neutrophil 3.1, LDH 141.
The emergency physician mentioned that there seemed to be some immature white blood cells and suggested that I see a hematologist.
Could you please tell me if this report indicates an infection or leukemia?

ll, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/01/27

Dr. Chen Yunfang reply Oncology


Hello: It's difficult to determine whether it's an infection or a vaccine side effect, but based on your second blood test report, it does not appear to be leukemia, as there is no mention of blasts, which allows us to rule out the possibility of blood cancer.
Thank you.

Reply Date: 2022/01/27

More Info


Based on the symptoms and laboratory findings you've described, it is understandable to have concerns about whether you are experiencing an infection or something more serious like leukemia. Your medical history, including hypertension and the recent COVID-19 vaccination, adds complexity to your situation.

Firstly, let's break down your symptoms. You reported experiencing low blood sugar, night sweats, elevated heart rate, and abdominal pain, which can be indicative of various conditions. The elevated white blood cell (WBC) count, particularly the neutrophil percentage, suggests that your body is responding to some form of stress or infection. A WBC count of 16.840 is elevated, and the presence of atypical lymphocytes can sometimes indicate a viral infection or a reactive process rather than a primary hematological malignancy.

The laboratory results you provided show a mix of normal and abnormal values. For instance, your hemoglobin (Hb) levels are slightly low at 12.5, which could indicate mild anemia, but it is not critically low. Your platelet count is within normal limits, which is a positive sign, as thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) can be associated with leukemia. The presence of immature white blood cells, as noted by the emergency physician, can be concerning, but it is essential to interpret this in the context of your overall clinical picture.

Infections can cause elevated WBC counts as your body fights off pathogens. The fact that you were prescribed antibiotics suggests that your healthcare provider suspected a bacterial infection, which could explain some of your symptoms. However, the recommendation to see a hematologist indicates that there is a need for further evaluation to rule out any hematological disorders, including leukemia.

Leukemia is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal white blood cells, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, frequent infections, easy bruising or bleeding, and unexplained weight loss. Your symptoms of night sweats and elevated heart rate could align with these, but they are also common in infections or inflammatory processes.

Given your elevated blood pressure readings and heart rate, it is crucial to manage these conditions effectively. Stress and anxiety can exacerbate these symptoms, leading to a cycle of worry that may affect your overall health. It is essential to maintain regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider, especially with a hematologist, who can perform a thorough evaluation, including a complete blood count (CBC) with differential, peripheral blood smear, and possibly a bone marrow biopsy if indicated.

In summary, while your symptoms and lab results warrant further investigation, it is not possible to definitively diagnose leukemia based solely on the information provided. The presence of elevated WBCs and atypical lymphocytes could suggest an infection or a reactive process rather than a primary malignancy. It is essential to follow up with your healthcare provider for a comprehensive evaluation and to discuss your concerns in detail. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are key to addressing any underlying issues effectively.

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