Floaters: Are Black Spots in Your Vision Normal? - Ophthalmology

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Floaters, or "flying spots," are a common visual phenomenon that many people experience, and they can be particularly concerning when they appear suddenly or change in nature. In your case, as a high school student experiencing small black dots that resemble tiny loops, it is understandable to be worried about the implications for your eye health.
Firstly, it is important to clarify that floaters are typically caused by changes in the vitreous humor, the gel-like substance that fills the eye. As we age, the vitreous can become more liquid and may pull away from the retina, leading to the formation of these floaters. While floaters are more commonly associated with older individuals, they can also occur in younger people, especially those with myopia (nearsightedness), as is your case with a prescription of -475 and -525.
Your observation that these floaters are not always noticeable unless you focus on them is also typical. Many people have floaters but may not be aware of them unless they are looking for them or in certain lighting conditions. The fact that you do not see them when your eyes are closed or when looking at a blank surface suggests that they are indeed floaters and not a sign of a more serious issue.

Regarding your concern about whether you should seek medical attention, it is always a good idea to consult with an eye care professional if you notice any new or changing symptoms, especially if they are accompanied by flashes of light, a sudden increase in the number of floaters, or any loss of vision. Since you have been experiencing these symptoms for about one to two months, and considering your history of dry eyes possibly exacerbated by the use of isotretinoin (A-acid), it would be prudent to have a comprehensive eye examination. This will help rule out any potential retinal issues or other underlying conditions.

In terms of management, while there is no specific treatment for floaters, there are several strategies you can employ to help alleviate discomfort associated with dry eyes, which may indirectly improve your overall visual comfort. Here are some recommendations:
1. Stay Hydrated: Ensure you are drinking enough water throughout the day. Dehydration can exacerbate dry eye symptoms.

2. Use Artificial Tears: Over-the-counter lubricating eye drops can help relieve dryness and discomfort. Look for preservative-free options if you plan to use them frequently.

3. Limit Screen Time: Since you mentioned spending time on your phone and computer, try to take regular breaks using the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds.

4. Adjust Your Environment: Use a humidifier in dry environments, and avoid direct air from fans or air conditioning blowing into your eyes.

5. Nutrition: Incorporate foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids (like fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts) into your diet, as they can help improve eye moisture.

6. Regular Eye Exams: Keep up with regular eye check-ups to monitor your eye health, especially given your history of myopia and the use of A-acid.

In conclusion, while floaters can be a normal part of vision, especially in younger individuals with myopia, it is essential to remain vigilant and consult with an eye care professional if you have any concerns. Regular eye exams and proper eye care can help ensure your visual health remains stable.