Delayed Menstruation: Causes and Concerns for Women

Delayed menstruation?

Hello Doctor: My last menstrual period was from April 29 to May 5.
My cycle is about 28 days, lasting approximately 7 days, and it has been quite regular.
I was supposed to get my period on May 27, but it hasn't arrived.
On the night of May 28, I had sexual intercourse with my boyfriend without a condom; it lasted about 2 minutes, and he did not ejaculate inside me, nor did we continue.
My period still hasn't come as of today.
Recently, my sleep schedule has been very irregular; I only fall asleep after 1 AM, and I have been experiencing severe insomnia and increased stress (my previous sleep schedule was very normal).
I also have a lack of appetite.
Since the 25th, I have been drinking iced beverages almost every day and eating fried foods, but I am hesitant to continue that.
Recently, I have also experienced breast tenderness and lower back pain.
It seems that the more anxious I get, the more my period is delayed, but I am genuinely feeling quite anxious.
Could you please provide me with some answers, Doctor? Thank you!

Ms. Chen, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/06/03

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, you should not be pregnant.
Wait for another week, and if your period still hasn't arrived, I recommend seeing a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2022/06/03

More Info

Delayed menstruation can be a source of concern for many women, especially when their cycles have been regular in the past. In your case, you mentioned that your last menstrual period was from April 29 to May 5, and you expected your next period around May 27, but it has not arrived yet. You also noted that you had unprotected sexual intercourse on May 28, although you indicated that there was no ejaculation inside.
There are several potential causes for your delayed menstruation, and understanding these can help alleviate some of your concerns.
1. Stress and Lifestyle Changes: You mentioned experiencing significant stress and changes in your sleep patterns, such as staying up late and suffering from insomnia. Stress is a well-known factor that can disrupt the hormonal balance in the body, leading to irregularities in the menstrual cycle. The hypothalamus, which regulates the hormones that control your menstrual cycle, can be affected by stress, causing delays. Additionally, changes in your diet, such as consuming more cold or fried foods, can also impact your hormonal balance and menstrual regularity.

2. Hormonal Imbalances: Your body’s hormonal levels can fluctuate due to various factors, including stress, diet, and lifestyle changes. These fluctuations can lead to delayed ovulation or anovulation (when the ovaries do not release an egg), which can result in a missed period.
3. Pregnancy: Although you indicated that there was no ejaculation inside during intercourse, it is important to consider the possibility of pregnancy, especially if you have had unprotected sex. Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for several days, and if ovulation occurred shortly after your sexual encounter, there is a chance of conception. If your period does not arrive soon, it would be advisable to take a home pregnancy test for confirmation.

4. Health Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or other hormonal imbalances, can also lead to delayed menstruation. If your period remains absent for an extended period, it may be worth consulting a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

5. Physical Symptoms: You mentioned experiencing breast tenderness and lower back pain, which can be associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or hormonal changes. These symptoms can sometimes occur even when menstruation is delayed.

In conclusion, while there are several potential reasons for your delayed menstruation, stress and lifestyle changes appear to be significant factors in your situation. It is essential to monitor your symptoms and consider taking a pregnancy test if your period does not arrive soon. If you continue to experience irregularities in your menstrual cycle or if you have concerns about your health, it would be beneficial to consult a healthcare provider for a thorough evaluation and personalized advice. Remember, maintaining a balanced lifestyle, managing stress, and ensuring adequate sleep can help regulate your menstrual cycle and overall well-being.

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