Bloating and Food Blockage After Rapid Weight Loss - Surgery

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Bloating and a sensation of food being stuck?


Hello doctor, I fasted for two months at the end of last year and lost 26 kilograms (from a normal weight to an unhealthy weight).
After that, I binge-eated for a week, and since then, I have been experiencing bloating and a sensation of tightness in my right intestine, as if food cannot pass through.
I am wondering if it is possible that I have a fistula, intestinal adhesions, or a bowel obstruction.

Chen Zhi O, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/06/12

Dr. Zhang Shuhao reply Surgery


If there has been a significant change in diet and weight, it is usually a functional issue.
If there is no history of abdominal surgery or severe inflammation, the natural formation of adhesions or fistulas is rare.
It is recommended to return to a normal diet and exercise routine, reduce foods that are prone to causing gas, and adopt a low-fat, high-fiber diet.
If symptoms persist, a consultation may be necessary to adjust medications or undergo further examinations.

Reply Date: 2022/06/12

More Info


Rapid weight loss, especially through extreme methods like prolonged fasting, can lead to various gastrointestinal issues, including bloating and feelings of food blockage. When you lose weight quickly, your body undergoes significant changes, and these changes can affect your digestive system.

Firstly, during the fasting period, your gastrointestinal tract may slow down due to reduced food intake. This slowdown can lead to decreased motility, meaning that food may not move through your intestines as efficiently as it should. When you then resume eating, especially if you engage in binge eating, your digestive system may struggle to process the sudden influx of food. This can result in bloating, discomfort, and the sensation of food being "stuck" in your intestines.

The symptoms you describe, particularly the tightness in your right side and the feeling of food not passing through, could be attributed to several factors:
1. Gastrointestinal Motility Issues: After a period of fasting, your intestines may take time to readjust to normal eating patterns. This can lead to temporary dysmotility, where the normal contractions of the intestines are disrupted, causing bloating and discomfort.

2. Food Intolerance or Sensitivity: After fasting, your body may react differently to certain foods. If you consumed foods that are high in fat, sugar, or processed ingredients during your binge, your digestive system might struggle to handle them, leading to bloating and discomfort.

3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Rapid changes in diet and eating patterns can trigger symptoms of IBS in susceptible individuals. This condition can cause bloating, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel habits.

4. Intestinal Obstruction or Adhesions: While less common, there is a possibility that rapid weight loss and subsequent binge eating could lead to complications such as intestinal adhesions (scar tissue that can form after surgery or injury) or even an obstruction. However, these conditions typically present with more severe symptoms, such as persistent pain, vomiting, and inability to pass gas or stool.

5. Hydration and Electrolyte Imbalance: Rapid weight loss can lead to dehydration and imbalances in electrolytes, which can further exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms.

Given your symptoms, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation. They may recommend imaging studies, such as an ultrasound or CT scan, to rule out any serious conditions like obstructions or adhesions. Additionally, they may suggest dietary modifications to help your digestive system recover, such as gradually reintroducing foods, focusing on high-fiber options, and ensuring adequate hydration.

In the meantime, consider the following tips to alleviate bloating and discomfort:
- Eat Smaller, More Frequent Meals: Instead of large meals, try eating smaller portions throughout the day to ease the burden on your digestive system.

- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help with digestion and prevent constipation.

- Incorporate Gentle Exercise: Light activities like walking can help stimulate digestion and reduce bloating.

- Avoid Trigger Foods: Pay attention to foods that seem to exacerbate your symptoms and try to limit or avoid them.

In conclusion, while your symptoms may be related to the rapid weight loss and subsequent binge eating, it is essential to seek medical advice to rule out any serious underlying conditions and to receive appropriate guidance for recovery.

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