Floaters: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options - Ophthalmology

More Info

---

Floaters, or "flying mosquitoes," are small spots or shapes that appear in your field of vision. They are often caused by changes in the vitreous humor, the gel-like substance that fills the eye. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for floaters is essential for maintaining eye health.

1. Causes of Vitreous Hemorrhage and Floaters: Vitreous hemorrhage occurs when blood leaks into the vitreous cavity of the eye. This can be caused by several factors, including diabetic retinopathy, retinal tears, or trauma to the eye. Poor vascular health can indeed contribute to bleeding, as weakened blood vessels may rupture more easily. Conditions like hypertension or diabetes can lead to changes in the blood vessels of the retina, increasing the risk of vitreous hemorrhage.

2. Symptoms and Experiences: When you mention seeing a "black thing" moving across your vision after running, it could potentially be a floater. Floaters can appear as spots, threads, or cobweb-like shapes that drift around as you move your eyes. They are often more noticeable against a bright background. If you have long eyelashes, it is possible that you are seeing a shadow or reflection of them, but if the phenomenon persists or worsens, it is advisable to consult an eye care professional.

3. Vitreous Detachment: Vitreous detachment occurs when the vitreous gel pulls away from the retina. This is a common condition, especially in older adults, and can lead to the perception of floaters. The duration for the vitreous to detach varies from person to person. In many cases, vitreous detachment does not require treatment unless it is associated with complications like retinal tears or detachment. Floaters resulting from vitreous detachment may diminish over time, but they may not completely disappear.

4. Myths and Misconceptions: The idea that floaters can be "shaken out" of the eye by moving your head side to side is a misconception. While some people may find that floaters become less noticeable with certain head movements, there is no scientific evidence to support the notion that this can physically remove them from the eye. Floaters are typically a result of the natural aging process of the vitreous and are not something that can be easily expelled.


Treatment Options
If floaters are bothersome or if there are accompanying symptoms like flashes of light or a sudden increase in floaters, it is crucial to seek medical attention. An eye care professional may perform a comprehensive eye exam to assess the condition of the retina and vitreous.
In some cases, if floaters significantly impair vision, a procedure called vitrectomy may be considered. This involves surgically removing the vitreous gel along with the floaters, but it is typically reserved for severe cases due to the risks associated with surgery.

In summary, floaters are a common visual phenomenon often related to changes in the vitreous humor. While they can be annoying, they are usually harmless. However, if you experience sudden changes in your vision, it is essential to consult an eye care professional for a thorough evaluation. Regular eye check-ups can help monitor your eye health and address any concerns promptly.