Low Blood Pressure: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options

Consultation for Symptoms of Hypotension

Currently, my average blood pressure is 90-105/52-60, and I often feel fatigued.
My nails appear slightly purple.
What symptoms would suggest that I should go to the hospital for low blood pressure? What tests are typically performed to determine the cause of low blood pressure? How is low blood pressure treated, and is it similar to high blood pressure in that it requires long-term reliance on medication?

Liu, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/09/08

Dr. Lin Wuxuan reply Internal Medicine

Hello Liu, it is recommended to first consult with a family medicine or general internal medicine outpatient clinic.
Based on the physician's assessment, further management can be determined.
Thank you.

Reply Date: 2022/09/08

More Info

Low blood pressure, or hypotension, can manifest in various symptoms and may require medical attention depending on its severity and the presence of associated symptoms. Your average blood pressure readings of 90-105/52-60 mmHg indicate that you are experiencing low blood pressure, particularly with the diastolic reading being on the lower side. Common symptoms of low blood pressure include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, blurred vision, and in some cases, a feeling of weakness or lethargy. The purple discoloration of your nails may suggest poor circulation, which can be associated with low blood pressure.

If you are experiencing symptoms such as persistent fatigue, dizziness, or fainting, it is advisable to seek medical attention. Medical professionals may recommend a series of tests to determine the underlying cause of your low blood pressure. These tests can include:
1. Blood Tests: To check for anemia, infection, or other underlying conditions.

2. Electrocardiogram (ECG): To assess your heart's rhythm and detect any abnormalities.

3. Echocardiogram: An ultrasound of the heart to evaluate its structure and function.

4. Tilt Table Test: This test helps determine how your blood pressure responds to changes in posture, which can help diagnose orthostatic hypotension.

5. Holter Monitor: A portable device that records your heart's activity for 24 hours or more to detect irregular heartbeats.

The treatment for low blood pressure depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, lifestyle changes may be sufficient to manage symptoms. Here are some common approaches:
1. Increased Fluid Intake: Drinking more fluids can help increase blood volume and prevent dehydration, which is a common cause of low blood pressure.

2. Salt Intake: Increasing salt intake can help raise blood pressure, but this should be done under medical supervision, especially if you have other health conditions.

3. Compression Stockings: These can help improve circulation and prevent blood from pooling in the legs, which may alleviate symptoms of low blood pressure.

4. Medications: In some cases, medications may be prescribed to help raise blood pressure. This is particularly true if low blood pressure is due to an underlying condition that requires treatment.

Unlike high blood pressure, which often requires long-term medication management, low blood pressure may not always necessitate ongoing medication. Many individuals can manage their symptoms through lifestyle changes and monitoring. However, if low blood pressure is symptomatic and persistent, it may require a more structured treatment plan.

In conclusion, if you are experiencing symptoms associated with low blood pressure, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional. They can provide a thorough evaluation and recommend appropriate tests to determine the cause of your symptoms. Depending on the findings, they will guide you on the best course of action, which may include lifestyle modifications, monitoring, or medication. Always prioritize your health and seek medical advice when in doubt.

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