Preventing Shingles Transmission: Should You Get the Chickenpox Vaccine?

Shingles transmission issues?

Hello, doctor.
A family member has contracted shingles, and I am the only one in the household who has not received the chickenpox vaccine.
I would like to ask how I can prevent transmission, or should I get vaccinated against chickenpox as a precaution?

R, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/10/24

Dr. Wu Yuxin reply Dermatology

It may be too late; there is an incubation period of about two weeks after infection.
We should monitor the situation then.

Reply Date: 2022/10/24

More Info

To address your concerns regarding shingles (herpes zoster) transmission and the chickenpox vaccine, it's important to understand the relationship between chickenpox and shingles, as well as the implications of vaccination.

Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the same virus that causes chickenpox. After a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus remains dormant in the nerve tissues and can reactivate later in life, leading to shingles. If someone in your household has shingles, they can potentially transmit the virus to someone who has never had chickenpox or has not been vaccinated against it, resulting in chickenpox, not shingles.

1. Vaccination Consideration: Since you have not received the chickenpox vaccine and have never had chickenpox, it is advisable for you to get vaccinated. The varicella vaccine is highly effective in preventing chickenpox and, consequently, shingles later in life. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that individuals who have never had chickenpox receive the vaccine, especially if they are in close contact with someone who has shingles.

2. Preventive Measures: In addition to vaccination, there are several preventive measures you can take to minimize your risk of contracting chickenpox from someone with shingles:
- Avoid Direct Contact: Stay away from the rash or blisters of the person with shingles. The virus is most contagious when the rash is in the blister phase.

- Practice Good Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially after touching surfaces or items that may have come into contact with the infected person.

- Avoid Sharing Personal Items: Do not share towels, clothing, or other personal items with the infected individual until their rash has completely healed.

- Limit Exposure: If possible, limit your time spent in close proximity to the person with shingles until their rash has crusted over.

3. Understanding the Vaccine: The chickenpox vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine, meaning it contains a weakened form of the virus. It is generally safe and effective, with mild side effects such as soreness at the injection site, fever, or a mild rash. Serious side effects are rare. By getting vaccinated, you not only protect yourself but also contribute to herd immunity, which helps protect those who cannot be vaccinated.

4. Consulting a Healthcare Provider: Before getting vaccinated, it’s a good idea to consult with your healthcare provider. They can assess your medical history, discuss any potential allergies or concerns, and provide personalized recommendations based on your health status.

In summary, getting the chickenpox vaccine is a proactive step to protect yourself from chickenpox and subsequently shingles. Along with vaccination, practicing good hygiene and avoiding direct contact with the shingles rash will further reduce your risk of infection. If you have any additional questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for more information.

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