Oral Ulcers: Healing Process and Structural Differences

Oral ulceration

Previously, I had a suspected hole in my cheek or oral cavity that was quite large.
I didn't pay much attention to it, and after a day, it stopped hurting, and I forgot how many days have passed.
It should have been at least a week since that spot stopped hurting, but I feel like there is a small hole about 0.2 cm wide.
On the other side, it doesn't feel like there is a similar structure.
Is this still healing, or is it normal for the structures in the human oral cavity to not be completely symmetrical? (I have misaligned teeth, and there is a molar on the right side that hasn't erupted.
I wonder if this is related.)

e, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/11/06

Dr. Hong Yuanbin reply Internal Medicine

Hello, there are many causes of oral ulcers, including the friction from teeth or viral infections.
If the ulcer persists for more than a week, it is recommended to visit a dental clinic for an examination to determine the cause.
Thank you for your question.

Reply Date: 2022/11/06

More Info

Understanding oral ulcers and their healing process is essential for maintaining oral health. Oral ulcers, also known as canker sores or aphthous ulcers, are painful lesions that can occur on the mucous membranes of the mouth. They can be caused by various factors, including trauma, stress, nutritional deficiencies, and underlying health conditions.

Healing Process of Oral Ulcers
The healing process of oral ulcers typically involves several stages:
1. Inflammation: When an ulcer forms, the body responds with an inflammatory reaction. This is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain in the affected area. The inflammatory response is crucial for initiating the healing process.

2. Tissue Regeneration: Following inflammation, the body begins to repair the damaged tissue. New cells proliferate to replace the lost or damaged cells. This process can take anywhere from a few days to a couple of weeks, depending on the size and depth of the ulcer.

3. Re-epithelialization: As new cells form, they migrate to cover the ulcerated area. This is when the ulcer starts to close up, and the pain usually decreases significantly.

4. Maturation: Finally, the newly formed tissue matures and strengthens over time. This stage can take several weeks, and the area may still be sensitive during this period.

Structural Differences in the Oral Cavity
It's important to note that the oral cavity is not perfectly symmetrical. Variations in structure can occur naturally, and factors such as dental alignment, the presence of wisdom teeth, and previous injuries can contribute to these differences. For instance, if you have irregular tooth alignment or missing teeth, it may affect how the surrounding tissues heal and appear.

In your case, the small hole you mentioned, measuring about 0.2 cm, could be a remnant of the ulcer that has not fully healed yet. It is not uncommon for some areas to heal faster than others, leading to slight differences in the appearance of the oral mucosa. The fact that you no longer feel pain is a positive sign, indicating that the healing process is underway.

Factors Influencing Healing
Several factors can influence the healing of oral ulcers:
- Oral Hygiene: Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial. Regular brushing and rinsing with an antiseptic mouthwash can help prevent secondary infections and promote healing.

- Diet: A balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamin B12, folate, and iron, can support the healing process. Avoiding spicy or acidic foods can also reduce irritation.

- Stress Management: Stress can exacerbate the occurrence of oral ulcers. Engaging in relaxation techniques such as meditation or yoga may help reduce stress levels.

- Underlying Health Conditions: Conditions such as autoimmune diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, or nutritional deficiencies can lead to recurrent ulcers. If you notice frequent occurrences, it may be worth consulting a healthcare professional for further evaluation.

When to Seek Medical Attention
If the ulcer does not heal within two weeks, continues to grow, or is accompanied by other symptoms such as fever or difficulty swallowing, it is advisable to seek medical attention. A healthcare provider can assess the ulcer and determine if further investigation or treatment is necessary.

In conclusion, while the healing process of oral ulcers can vary from person to person, understanding the stages of healing and the factors that influence it can help you manage your oral health effectively. If you have concerns about the structural differences in your mouth or the healing of your ulcer, consulting with a dental professional can provide you with tailored advice and treatment options.

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