Possible Causes of Foul Yellow Discharge and Back Pain in Women - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The symptoms you are experiencing, including foul yellow discharge, back pain, and the history of light bleeding, could be indicative of several underlying conditions. Given the timeline of your menstrual cycle and the nature of the discharge, it is essential to consider a few possible causes.

1. Infection: One of the most common causes of foul-smelling yellow discharge is a vaginal infection, such as bacterial vaginosis or a sexually transmitted infection (STI) like trichomoniasis. Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by an imbalance of the normal bacteria in the vagina, leading to a fishy odor and unusual discharge. STIs can also present with similar symptoms, including discharge that may have an unpleasant odor, along with potential pelvic pain or discomfort.

2. Cervical or Uterine Issues: Conditions such as cervicitis (inflammation of the cervix) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can also lead to abnormal discharge and back pain. PID, which often results from untreated STIs, can cause significant discomfort and may lead to complications if not treated promptly.

3. Hormonal Imbalances: Hormonal fluctuations can sometimes cause changes in vaginal discharge. If you have irregular menstrual cycles or have recently experienced changes in your cycle, this could contribute to the symptoms you are experiencing.

4. Endometriosis: Although less common, endometriosis can cause pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding. It occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, leading to inflammation and pain, particularly during menstruation.

5. Pregnancy-Related Issues: If there is a possibility of pregnancy, it is important to consider that conditions such as a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy could present with abnormal bleeding and pain. However, given that you mentioned using protection during intercourse, the likelihood may be lower.

Given the combination of foul-smelling discharge, back pain, and the recent history of light bleeding, it is crucial to seek medical attention. A healthcare provider can perform a thorough examination, which may include a pelvic exam, laboratory tests (such as a Pap smear or cultures), and possibly imaging studies to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms.

In the meantime, it is advisable to avoid any irritants, such as douches or scented products, which can exacerbate vaginal irritation. Maintaining good hygiene and wearing breathable cotton underwear can also help manage symptoms.

In summary, the symptoms you are experiencing could be due to several potential causes, primarily infections or inflammatory conditions. It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Early intervention can help prevent complications and ensure better health outcomes.