Does Orthokeratology Increase Eye Pressure? the Risks - Ophthalmology

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Orthokeratology, commonly known as ortho-k, involves the use of specially designed contact lenses that temporarily reshape the cornea to reduce refractive errors such as myopia (nearsightedness). While these lenses are effective for many individuals, concerns about their impact on intraocular pressure (IOP) have been raised, especially in patients who already have elevated eye pressure.

To address your question, wearing orthokeratology lenses does not directly cause an increase in eye pressure. However, there are several factors to consider that may indirectly influence IOP in individuals who use these lenses.

1. Corneal Response: The primary function of ortho-k lenses is to flatten the cornea, which can alter the way fluid drains from the eye. In some cases, the temporary reshaping of the cornea may affect the outflow of aqueous humor, the fluid produced within the eye. If the drainage is impeded, it could potentially lead to a rise in IOP. However, this effect is generally minimal and varies from person to person.

2. Lens Fit and Comfort: The fit of the ortho-k lenses is crucial. Poorly fitting lenses can cause discomfort and may lead to excessive rubbing of the eyes, which can stimulate the production of tears and potentially affect IOP. Ensuring that your lenses are fitted correctly by a qualified eye care professional is essential to minimize any adverse effects.

3. Duration of Wear: The length of time you wear ortho-k lenses can also play a role. Extended wear, especially overnight, may lead to corneal hypoxia (lack of oxygen), which can cause swelling of the cornea. This swelling can alter the dynamics of fluid drainage and potentially impact IOP. It is important to follow the recommended wearing schedule provided by your eye care provider.

4. Underlying Conditions: If you have pre-existing conditions such as glaucoma or a family history of ocular hypertension, it is crucial to monitor your eye pressure regularly. Individuals with these conditions may be more susceptible to changes in IOP, regardless of whether they use ortho-k lenses.

5. Regular Monitoring: Since you mentioned that your eye pressure was measured at 22-23 mmHg, which is slightly above the normal range (typically 10-21 mmHg), it is advisable to have regular follow-ups with your eye care provider. They can assess your eye pressure over time and determine if any interventions are necessary.

6. Other Risk Factors: Factors such as age, ethnicity, and overall eye health can also influence IOP. For instance, individuals with a family history of glaucoma or those who are older may be at a higher risk for elevated eye pressure.

In summary, while orthokeratology lenses themselves do not inherently increase eye pressure, various factors associated with their use can influence IOP. It is essential to maintain regular check-ups with your eye care professional to monitor your eye health and pressure, especially if you have concerns about elevated IOP. If you experience any discomfort or changes in vision while using ortho-k lenses, do not hesitate to reach out to your eye care provider for further evaluation and guidance.