How Likely Is Pregnancy After Taking Emergency Contraceptive?

What is the likelihood of becoming pregnant after taking emergency contraception?

Today, I had sexual intercourse with my boyfriend, but the condom broke and he ejaculated inside me.
However, I took the emergency contraceptive pill within thirty minutes after the incident.
What is the likelihood of becoming pregnant? My period was supposed to arrive today, but I usually have irregular cycles and it often comes late.

Lin, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/01/28

Dr. Chen Zhiyu reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello! Please monitor your menstrual cycle.
If there is a delay, you can take a home pregnancy test or visit a gynecology clinic for confirmation.
Thank you!

Reply Date: 2023/01/28

More Info

When it comes to the likelihood of pregnancy after taking emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), it's important to understand how these medications work and their effectiveness. Emergency contraceptive pills, such as Plan B or Ella, are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure, such as a broken condom. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after the incident, ideally within 72 hours for Plan B and up to 120 hours for Ella.

In your case, since you took the emergency contraceptive within 30 minutes of the incident, you maximized your chances of preventing pregnancy. The effectiveness of ECPs is approximately 75-89% when taken within the recommended time frame. However, it's crucial to note that no method of contraception is 100% effective, and there is still a small chance of pregnancy even after taking ECPs.

Regarding your menstrual cycle, it's common for ECPs to cause temporary changes in your cycle. You mentioned that your period was due today but that your cycles are usually irregular. ECPs can lead to a delay in your next period, or it may come earlier or be lighter than usual. If your period does not arrive within a week of the expected date, it is advisable to take a pregnancy test to confirm whether or not you are pregnant.

If you do find yourself pregnant after taking ECPs, it is essential to remember that the use of emergency contraception does not harm an existing pregnancy. ECPs work primarily by preventing ovulation, and if ovulation has already occurred and fertilization has taken place, they will not disrupt an established pregnancy.

In summary, while the likelihood of pregnancy after taking emergency contraception is low, it is not zero. If your period is delayed beyond a week, taking a pregnancy test will provide clarity. If you have further concerns or experience unusual symptoms, consulting a healthcare provider is always a good idea. They can offer personalized advice and support based on your specific situation.

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