Impact of Birth Control Pills on Early Pregnancy: What to Know

Taking contraceptive pills during early pregnancy?

Hello, Doctor: I would like to ask, my last menstrual period was on September 21.
To delay my menstrual cycle, I took the contraceptive pill (Winstop from Winston Pharmaceuticals) from October 16 to October 25, one tablet in the morning and one in the evening.
After stopping the medication, my period did not come, and I found out I was pregnant.
I am concerned whether the medication I took during this period could affect the fetus and what kind of effects it might have.
Thank you for your help.

Blanche, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2003/11/13

Dr. Zhan Deqin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

The contraceptive pill contains estrogen and progestin, which are prohibited during pregnancy as they may affect the development of the infant's genital organs and future sexual psychology.

Reply Date: 2003/11/13

More Info

The use of birth control pills, such as the one you mentioned (Winstop), during early pregnancy is a concern for many women who find themselves in a similar situation. First and foremost, it’s important to understand that the primary purpose of birth control pills is to prevent ovulation and thus prevent pregnancy. However, if a woman becomes pregnant while taking these pills, there are several factors to consider regarding the potential impact on the developing fetus.

1. Hormonal Influence: Birth control pills contain hormones (usually a combination of estrogen and progestin) that regulate the menstrual cycle. If taken during early pregnancy, these hormones can potentially affect the pregnancy. However, most studies indicate that the risk of significant harm to the fetus is low if the pills are discontinued upon discovering the pregnancy.

2. Teratogenic Effects: Teratogenicity refers to the potential of a substance to cause developmental malformations in a fetus. The majority of research suggests that the hormones in birth control pills do not have teratogenic effects when taken in early pregnancy. The critical period for organ development occurs during the first trimester, and while hormonal exposure can have effects, it is generally not associated with major congenital anomalies.

3. Discontinuation of Use: Once pregnancy is confirmed, it is advisable to stop taking birth control pills. Continuing to take them is not recommended, as the hormones can interfere with the natural hormonal environment necessary for a healthy pregnancy.

4. Monitoring and Consultation: It is crucial to have regular prenatal check-ups and to discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider. They can monitor the pregnancy closely and provide guidance tailored to your specific situation. If there are any signs of complications or concerns about fetal development, your healthcare provider may recommend additional testing or monitoring.

5. Psychological Impact: Many women experience anxiety upon discovering they were taking birth control pills during early pregnancy. It is important to address these feelings and seek support from healthcare professionals, family, or counseling services if needed. Understanding that the risk of significant harm is low can help alleviate some of this anxiety.

6. Future Contraceptive Use: If you are considering future pregnancies or contraceptive methods, it may be beneficial to discuss with your healthcare provider the best options for you, especially if you have concerns about hormonal contraceptives.

In summary, while taking birth control pills during early pregnancy can raise concerns, the current medical consensus indicates that the risk of significant harm to the fetus is low. It is essential to stop taking the pills upon confirmation of pregnancy and to maintain open communication with your healthcare provider for the best outcomes for both you and your baby. Regular prenatal care will help ensure that any potential issues are addressed promptly, allowing for a healthy pregnancy journey.

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