Am I at Risk of Pregnancy? Contraception and Menstrual Irregularities

Can this be considered safe?

I am a high school sophomore.
On January 2nd, I had unprotected intercourse with my boyfriend, but he only inserted briefly and then pulled out without thrusting or ejaculation.
I felt anxious afterward and took Ella, the emergency contraceptive pill.
I'm not sure if it was my ovulation period that day.
On January 4th, we used a condom, but again, he only inserted briefly and pulled out without ejaculation or thrusting.
From January 13th to January 15th, I experienced some bleeding, but I'm unsure if it was my period since it lasted only two to three days and the flow was moderate.
Later, on January 17th and January 31st, I used a pregnancy test, and both showed one line.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy in this situation? Should I test again? Because on February 12th, one app indicated that my period should have arrived, but it hasn't, and another app today (February 13th) noted that it is five days late.

An, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/02/13

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, it seems that you are not pregnant.
Just wait for your menstrual period to see what happens.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2023/02/13

More Info

When it comes to understanding the risks of pregnancy, especially in the context of contraception and menstrual irregularities, it's important to consider several factors, including the timing of intercourse, the use of emergency contraception, and the nature of your menstrual cycle.

From your description, it seems that you engaged in sexual activity without a condom on January 2nd, but there was no ejaculation. You also took Ella, an emergency contraceptive pill, which is effective in preventing pregnancy if taken within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse. The effectiveness of Ella is quite high, but it can vary based on when you are in your menstrual cycle. If you were close to ovulation, the risk of pregnancy could be higher, but since you took the emergency contraceptive, it significantly reduces that risk.

On January 4th, you used a condom, but again, there was no ejaculation. This further reduces the likelihood of pregnancy. The bleeding you experienced from January 13th to January 15th could be a withdrawal bleed from the emergency contraception, which is common. Emergency contraceptives can cause changes in your menstrual cycle, including earlier or later periods, and can also lead to lighter or heavier bleeding.

Regarding your pregnancy tests on January 17th and January 31st, both showing a single line indicates that you are not pregnant. However, since you mentioned that your period was expected around February 12th and is now late, it would be advisable to take another pregnancy test. Home pregnancy tests are generally reliable, but if you are still uncertain, a blood test at a healthcare provider can provide more definitive results.

It's also important to note that stress and anxiety can affect your menstrual cycle. If you are feeling anxious about the possibility of pregnancy, this could also contribute to irregularities in your cycle. If your period does not arrive soon, or if you continue to have irregular cycles, it might be beneficial to consult with a healthcare provider. They can help assess your situation, provide guidance on contraception, and discuss any underlying issues that may be affecting your menstrual health.

In summary, based on the information provided, the likelihood of pregnancy appears low due to the use of emergency contraception and the nature of your sexual activity. However, since your period is late, taking another pregnancy test is a good idea. If you have ongoing concerns about your menstrual cycle or contraceptive methods, seeking advice from a healthcare professional can provide you with the support and information you need.

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