HPV Types 18 and 51: Vaccination and Testing Concerns - Urology

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Understanding HPV, particularly types 18 and 51, is crucial for both prevention and management of potential health risks associated with these viruses. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of more than 200 related viruses, some of which can lead to cancer, while others can cause benign conditions like warts. Types 16 and 18 are classified as high-risk HPV types, known to be associated with cervical cancer, while type 51 is also considered a high-risk type but is less commonly discussed.


1. Testing and Vaccination Efficacy
In your case, if your girlfriend has tested positive for HPV types 18 and 51, it raises valid concerns about your own health status. HPV is primarily transmitted through intimate skin-to-skin contact, including sexual activity. Therefore, it is advisable for you to undergo testing for HPV, particularly if you have had sexual contact with her. However, the presence of HPV does not always lead to immediate health issues, as many infections are cleared by the immune system without causing any symptoms or complications.

Regarding vaccination, the HPV vaccine is designed to prevent infection from certain strains of the virus. If you are already infected with a specific type of HPV, the vaccine will not treat the existing infection but can still provide protection against other types of HPV that you may not have been exposed to. This means that even if you are infected with HPV types 18 or 51, getting vaccinated could still be beneficial in protecting against other high-risk types, such as 16, which is also associated with cancer.


2. Differences in Medical Opinions
The differing opinions between the urologist and the gynecologist may stem from the different focuses of their specialties. Urologists often deal with male reproductive health and may emphasize the lower risk of HPV-related cancers in males compared to females. Gynecologists, on the other hand, focus on female reproductive health and may be more cautious due to the well-established link between high-risk HPV types and cervical cancer. This difference in perspective can lead to varying recommendations regarding testing and vaccination.


3. Vaccination Coverage and Prevention Strategies
You are correct that the nine-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9) does not specifically cover HPV type 51. However, it does protect against several other high-risk types, including 16 and 18, which are more commonly associated with cancer. While there is currently no vaccine available that targets HPV type 51 specifically, the best prevention strategy remains vaccination against the types included in the vaccine, regular screening, and maintaining a healthy immune system.

In summary, it is advisable for you to get tested for HPV, especially given your girlfriend's positive results. Vaccination is still a valuable option, even if you are already infected with certain types, as it can protect against other strains. Regular follow-ups and screenings, as recommended by your healthcare provider, are essential for monitoring your health and managing any potential risks associated with HPV. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and recommendations based on your specific circumstances.