Can You Get Pregnant After Unprotected Sex? Risks and Emergency Contraception - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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When it comes to the question of whether one can get pregnant after unprotected sex, it is essential to understand the various factors involved, including the timing of the menstrual cycle, the nature of the sexual activity, and the use of emergency contraception.

In your case, you mentioned that your girlfriend's period ended on April 11, and you had unprotected sex on April 22. Since her menstrual cycle just ended, it is important to consider where she was in her cycle. The average menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days, with ovulation typically occurring around the midpoint, or approximately 14 days after the first day of her last period. However, cycles can vary significantly from person to person, and ovulation can occur earlier or later depending on individual factors.

Given that you had unprotected sex on April 22, this date is relatively close to the time of ovulation for many women, especially if her cycle is shorter than average. Sperm can live inside a woman's reproductive tract for up to five days, which means that if she ovulated shortly after your encounter, there is a possibility of pregnancy.

However, you mentioned that your girlfriend took emergency contraception (Plan B or similar) on April 25. Emergency contraception is designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex and is most effective when taken as soon as possible after the incident. It works primarily by delaying ovulation, thereby reducing the chance of sperm meeting an egg. If taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse, it can significantly lower the risk of pregnancy.

In your situation, since your girlfriend took the emergency contraceptive within a few days after the unprotected sex, the likelihood of her becoming pregnant is considerably reduced. However, it is not 100% effective, and there is still a small chance of pregnancy, especially if ovulation occurred shortly after the unprotected encounter.

It is also important to note that emergency contraception does not terminate an existing pregnancy; it only prevents a pregnancy from occurring. If your girlfriend experiences a missed period or unusual symptoms after taking the emergency contraceptive, it would be advisable for her to take a pregnancy test or consult with a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

In summary, while there is a risk of pregnancy after unprotected sex, the use of emergency contraception significantly reduces that risk, especially when taken promptly. It is always a good practice to use reliable contraception to prevent unintended pregnancies and to discuss any concerns with a healthcare professional for personalized advice.