Pregnancy Risk After Unprotected Intercourse: Should You Take Emergency Contraception?

The probability of pregnancy from unprotected ejaculation is significant?

Hello, doctor.
My menstrual cycle is 26-28 days, and my last period was from May 10 to May 13.
On May 18, I had unprotected intercourse with withdrawal.
I would like to know what the chances of pregnancy are and if I need to take emergency contraception.
Thank you.

K, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/05/21

Dr. Huang Yuande reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

The chances are low, so there is no need to take emergency contraception.

Reply Date: 2023/05/21

More Info

When assessing the risk of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, several factors must be considered, including the timing of the menstrual cycle, the nature of the sexual encounter, and the use of emergency contraception (EC). Based on the details you provided, your menstrual cycle is typically between 26 to 28 days, with your last period occurring from May 10 to May 13. This places your ovulation period around May 24 to May 26, assuming a standard cycle.

Since you had unprotected intercourse on May 18, this date falls within the window leading up to ovulation. Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to five days, which means that if ovulation occurs shortly after the intercourse, there is a possibility of sperm being present to fertilize an egg. Therefore, the risk of pregnancy is significant in this scenario.

Given the circumstances, it is advisable to take emergency contraception as soon as possible. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), such as Plan B or Ella, are most effective when taken within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse, but they can still be effective up to five days after. The sooner you take the ECP, the higher the likelihood of preventing pregnancy.
In terms of side effects, some individuals may experience nausea, fatigue, headache, or changes in their menstrual cycle after taking ECPs. These side effects are generally mild and temporary. If you experience severe symptoms or if your period is significantly delayed beyond your expected cycle, it is important to take a pregnancy test and consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

To summarize, given your menstrual cycle and the timing of your unprotected intercourse, there is a notable risk of pregnancy. Taking emergency contraception is recommended to mitigate this risk. If you have further concerns or experience any unusual symptoms after taking the ECP, please consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and care.

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