Genital Warts: Causes, Transmission, and Treatment Options - Urology

More Info

---

Genital warts, commonly referred to as "cauliflower" due to their appearance, are caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV). They are a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) and can appear in various locations, including the genital area, anus, and surrounding skin. Understanding the causes, transmission, and treatment options for genital warts is crucial for effective management and prevention.

1. Causes and Identification: Genital warts are primarily caused by HPV types 6 and 11, which are considered low-risk strains. These strains are not associated with cancer but can lead to the development of warts. The term "virus warts" that your dermatologist used is indeed synonymous with genital warts, and they are often referred to as "cauliflower" warts due to their bumpy texture and appearance.
2. Transmission: HPV is typically transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. In your case, if you had a small cut or abrasion in the area due to improper hair removal, it could have made it easier for the virus to enter your body during sexual contact. This does not necessarily mean that your partner was infected; however, if you had sexual contact with someone who has genital warts or is a carrier of HPV, it is likely that you contracted the virus from them. It is important to note that HPV can be transmitted even when an infected person does not have visible warts, making it challenging to determine the source of the infection.

3. Treatment Options: The treatment for genital warts can vary based on the size, number, and location of the warts. Common treatments include topical medications like imiquimod (Aldara) or podofilox (Condylox), which can be applied directly to the warts. Cryotherapy, which you mentioned you have already started, involves freezing the warts with liquid nitrogen. This method can be effective, but it may take multiple sessions to achieve the desired results.
If you feel that the cryotherapy is not effective and the warts are growing larger, it is reasonable to consider other treatment options. Electrosurgery, which involves burning off the warts with an electric current, is another effective method. However, it is essential to consult with your healthcare provider before switching treatments. They can assess the situation and determine the best course of action based on your specific case.
4. Follow-Up Care: After treatment, it is crucial to monitor the area for any recurrence of warts. HPV can remain dormant in the body, and warts may reappear even after successful treatment. Regular follow-ups with your dermatologist or healthcare provider are essential for managing the condition effectively.
5. Prevention: To reduce the risk of future HPV infections, consider getting the HPV vaccine, which protects against the most common cancer-causing strains of the virus. Additionally, practicing safe sex by using condoms can help lower the risk of transmission, although it does not provide complete protection since HPV can infect areas not covered by a condom.

In summary, genital warts are a common STI caused by HPV, and they can be transmitted through sexual contact. Treatment options include topical medications, cryotherapy, and electrosurgery. It is essential to consult with your healthcare provider to determine the best treatment plan for your situation and to discuss preventive measures to avoid future infections.