Missed Period After Taking Emergency Contraceptive: What to Do?

Sudden amenorrhea after taking emergency contraceptive pills?

I would like to ask the doctor, my girlfriend has irregular periods due to stress from her upcoming exams.
Her last menstrual period started on April 30, and the next one came on June 5.
She took the first pill on that day, and now on June 6, she is experiencing a cessation of menstruation.
Should she continue taking the pills?

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/06/06

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, it should not cause amenorrhea.
I recommend seeing a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2023/06/06

More Info

When it comes to missed periods after taking emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), it's important to understand how these medications work and what to expect afterward. Emergency contraceptive pills, such as Plan B or Ella, are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. They work primarily by delaying ovulation, which can disrupt the normal menstrual cycle.

In your case, your girlfriend's last menstrual period was on April 30, and she experienced another on June 5. After taking the emergency contraceptive on June 5, she has now missed her period. It’s not uncommon for ECPs to cause changes in the menstrual cycle, including delayed or missed periods. This can be due to the hormonal changes induced by the medication, which can affect the timing of ovulation and menstruation.

Here are some key points to consider:
1. Timing of the Emergency Contraceptive: ECPs are most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. If your girlfriend took the pill on June 5, it was within the appropriate time frame to prevent pregnancy from any intercourse that occurred shortly before that date.

2. Expected Menstrual Changes: After taking ECPs, some women may experience changes in their menstrual cycle. This can include a delay in their next period, which may be longer or shorter than usual. It’s also possible for the period to be lighter or heavier than normal.

3. Pregnancy Testing: If your girlfriend's period does not arrive within a week of the expected date, it would be wise for her to take a home pregnancy test. These tests are generally reliable and can provide peace of mind. If the test is positive, she should consult a healthcare provider for further guidance.

4. Continuing ECPs: Once the emergency contraceptive has been taken, there is no need to continue taking it. ECPs are intended for one-time use and are not meant to be taken as a regular contraceptive method. If your girlfriend is concerned about her menstrual cycle or potential pregnancy, she should consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

5. Consulting a Healthcare Provider: If there are ongoing concerns about missed periods, irregular cycles, or the effects of emergency contraception, it’s advisable for her to speak with a healthcare professional. They can provide more tailored advice and check for any underlying issues that may be affecting her menstrual cycle.

In summary, it is not unusual for menstrual cycles to be disrupted after taking emergency contraception. If your girlfriend has missed her period, she should consider taking a pregnancy test if her period does not arrive soon. There is no need to continue taking emergency contraceptives after the initial dose. If there are further concerns, consulting a healthcare provider is the best course of action.

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