Strabismus: Symptoms, Causes, and When to Seek Help - Ophthalmology

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Strabismus, commonly known as "crossed eyes," is a condition where the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. This misalignment can lead to various symptoms, including double vision (diplopia), difficulty focusing, and issues with depth perception. Given your description of experiencing double vision when your eyes are relaxed and the noticeable deviation of one eye towards the center, it is possible that you may be experiencing a form of strabismus, particularly if this misalignment is consistent and noticeable.


Symptoms of Strabismus
The symptoms of strabismus can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
- Double Vision: As you mentioned, seeing two images instead of one, particularly when your eyes are relaxed.

- Misalignment: One eye may turn inwards (esotropia), outwards (exotropia), upwards (hypertropia), or downwards (hypotropia).

- Difficulty Focusing: Trouble maintaining focus on objects, especially at varying distances.

- Head Tilt or Turn: Some individuals may tilt or turn their head to compensate for the misalignment.

- Eye Strain or Fatigue: Increased fatigue or discomfort when trying to focus on objects for extended periods.


Causes of Strabismus
Strabismus can be caused by various factors, including:
- Refractive Errors: High levels of uncorrected refractive errors, such as your high myopia (nearsightedness), can contribute to strabismus.

- Muscle Imbalance: The muscles that control eye movement may not work together properly.

- Neurological Conditions: Certain conditions affecting the brain or nervous system can lead to strabismus.

- Genetic Factors: A family history of strabismus can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.


When to Seek Help
Given your symptoms and concerns, it is advisable to seek a comprehensive evaluation from an eye care professional, such as an ophthalmologist or optometrist. They can perform a thorough examination to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms and assess whether you have strabismus or another condition affecting your vision.


Treatment Options
If strabismus is diagnosed, treatment options may include:
- Corrective Lenses: Glasses or contact lenses can help correct refractive errors and may reduce symptoms.

- Vision Therapy: A structured program of eye exercises may help improve coordination and focusing abilities.

- Surgery: In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to realign the eyes.

- Botulinum Toxin Injections: This can temporarily weaken the muscles causing misalignment.


Visual Disturbances and Anxiety
Regarding your experience of seeing shadows or patterns on walls after looking at bright objects, this could be a phenomenon known as "visual persistence" or "afterimages." This is generally harmless but can be exacerbated by fatigue or eye strain. Your anxiety about your vision, especially with a history of floaters, is understandable. However, since you have recently had an examination that indicated no issues with the floaters, it may be beneficial to manage your anxiety through relaxation techniques or counseling.


Conclusion
In summary, your symptoms warrant further evaluation to determine if you have strabismus or another visual issue. It is crucial to address these concerns with a qualified eye care professional who can provide a tailored treatment plan. Additionally, managing anxiety related to your vision can significantly improve your overall well-being. Remember, early intervention can lead to better outcomes, so do not hesitate to seek help.