Persistent Low-Grade Fever in Teenagers: Causes and Solutions

Elevated body temperature?

Hello, my daughter is 14 years old and recently her body temperature has been between 37.5 to 38 degrees Celsius.
Previously, her temperature was mostly around 36.6 degrees.
She does not have any discomfort, and when her temperature reaches 38 degrees, taking antipyretics brings it back to normal, but it rises again to 37.5 degrees once the medication wears off.
Could this be due to the hot weather? Thank you.

vicky, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/09/02

Dr. Zeng Guosen reply Internal Medicine

Hello, previously my body temperature was around 36.6°C, but recently it has been between 37.5°C and 38°C.
If it's not due to my menstrual cycle and I'm not feeling unwell, it shouldn't be related to the weather.
I recommend seeing a pediatric infectious disease specialist for evaluation and examination.
Thank you for your question.

Reply Date: 2023/09/02

More Info

Persistent low-grade fever in teenagers can be concerning for both parents and the affected individuals. In your daughter's case, a consistent body temperature ranging from 37.5°C to 38°C, especially when her normal temperature was around 36.6°C, warrants a closer look. While it’s common for body temperature to fluctuate due to various factors, a sustained low-grade fever can indicate underlying issues that should not be overlooked.

First, it’s essential to understand what constitutes a low-grade fever. Generally, a body temperature above 37.2°C (99°F) but below 38.3°C (100.9°F) is considered low-grade. In teenagers, this can be caused by several factors, including infections, inflammatory conditions, or even environmental influences such as heat.
1. Infections: Viral infections are often the most common cause of low-grade fevers in teenagers. These can include common colds, influenza, or even more chronic infections like mononucleosis. Bacterial infections, while less common, can also cause persistent fevers. It’s crucial to monitor for other symptoms like fatigue, sore throat, or unusual rashes, which could indicate an underlying infection.

2. Inflammatory Conditions: Conditions such as autoimmune diseases (like lupus or juvenile idiopathic arthritis) can present with persistent low-grade fevers. These conditions often come with other symptoms, such as joint pain, fatigue, or skin changes.

3. Environmental Factors: As you mentioned, hot weather can influence body temperature. Heat exhaustion or dehydration can lead to elevated body temperatures. Ensure your daughter is staying hydrated and is not overexerting herself in the heat.

4. Medications: Some medications can cause fever as a side effect. If your daughter has recently started any new medications, it would be wise to consult with a healthcare provider to rule this out.

5. Stress and Anxiety: Psychological factors can also play a role in body temperature regulation. Stress and anxiety can lead to physiological changes that may manifest as a low-grade fever.

Given that your daughter’s fever responds to antipyretics (fever-reducing medications) but returns once the medication wears off, it suggests that the fever is likely not due to a serious underlying condition but rather something that needs further investigation.

Recommendations:
1. Consult a Healthcare Provider: It’s essential to consult with a pediatrician or a healthcare provider to discuss your daughter’s symptoms in detail. They may recommend blood tests, urine tests, or imaging studies to rule out infections or other underlying conditions.

2. Monitor Symptoms: Keep a detailed log of her temperature readings, any additional symptoms, and the timing of these occurrences. This information can be invaluable for the healthcare provider.

3. Hydration and Rest: Ensure she stays well-hydrated and gets plenty of rest. This is crucial for recovery, especially if her body is fighting off an infection.

4. Avoid Self-Medication: While it’s tempting to continue using over-the-counter medications to manage her fever, it’s essential to follow medical advice regarding their use, especially if the fever persists.

5. Environmental Adjustments: If the weather is particularly hot, ensure she is in a cool environment and is wearing light clothing to help regulate her body temperature.

In conclusion, while a persistent low-grade fever in a teenager can be due to various benign causes, it is essential to approach the situation with caution. Consulting a healthcare professional will provide clarity and ensure that any potential underlying issues are addressed promptly.

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