Floaters: When to Worry and Seek Medical Advice - Ophthalmology

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Floaters, or "flying mosquitoes," are small specks or strands that drift through your field of vision. They are typically caused by changes in the vitreous gel that fills the eye, which can become more liquid and form clumps as we age. While floaters are common and often harmless, there are certain situations when they may warrant medical attention.

In your case, having experienced floaters since the age of 18 and undergoing regular eye examinations without any abnormalities is reassuring. The fact that you have been monitored by an ophthalmologist and have not had any concerning findings is a positive sign. However, the increase in visibility of your floaters during sneezing or coughing can be attributed to the sudden changes in intraocular pressure that occur during these actions. When you sneeze or cough, the pressure in your body temporarily increases, which can cause the vitreous gel to shift slightly, making floaters more noticeable for a brief period.

This phenomenon is generally considered normal and is not usually a cause for concern. However, it is essential to be aware of other symptoms that could indicate a more serious issue. You should seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of the following:
1. Sudden Increase in Floaters: If you notice a sudden increase in the number of floaters, especially if they appear in a shower-like pattern, it could indicate a retinal tear or detachment.

2. Flashes of Light: If you see flashes of light in your peripheral vision, this could also be a sign of retinal issues.

3. Loss of Peripheral Vision: A sudden loss of peripheral vision or a shadow in your field of vision is concerning and requires immediate evaluation.

4. Blurred Vision: If your vision becomes suddenly blurred or distorted, it is important to seek medical advice.

5. Dark Curtain Effect: If you experience a sensation of a dark curtain or veil coming down over your vision, this is a medical emergency.

Given that your last check-up was in September and you have been stable, it is likely that your symptoms are benign. However, if you feel anxious or uncertain about the changes in your floaters, it is always a good idea to consult your ophthalmologist. They can provide reassurance and conduct a thorough examination to ensure that everything is still normal.

In summary, while the temporary increase in the visibility of your floaters during sneezing or coughing is likely a normal response, it is crucial to remain vigilant for any new or concerning symptoms. Regular check-ups with your eye doctor are essential for monitoring your condition, and don't hesitate to reach out to them if you have any doubts or if your symptoms change. Your eye health is important, and proactive communication with your healthcare provider is key to ensuring your well-being.