Health Risks of Storing Clothes: Bacteria and Mold Concerns

Bacterial and fungal growth on clothing?

Hello Dr.
Lin, I would like to ask about a bag of clothes that I discovered, which I had forgotten to wash for three years.
These clothes are all from a trip before the pandemic (around early 2020) and each item was stored separately in a ziplock bag.
I placed the entire bag in a rarely used closet and then forgot about it.
I would like to ask you:
1.
Will storing them in the closet lead to the growth of a large number of bacteria and mold? Could this long-term storage affect health? I haven't noticed any strange odors, so I'm unsure if the clothes have developed mold (I am hesitant to open the ziplock bags, and there are no visible mold spots on the outside).

2.
If I open the ziplock bags, will I inhale a significant amount of bacteria and mold?
3.
Since there are a few functional garments, will using bleach effectively disinfect them, or would it be better to discard them? Thank you, Dr.
Lin!

Xiao Hui, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/10/06

Dr. Lin Wufu reply Internal Medicine

Hello, unless it's very humid, clothes left out should not breed a large amount of bacteria or mold (dry clothing lacks the nutrients to support bacterial or mold growth).
It is also recommended not to use bleach; instead, take the clothes out and expose them to sunlight for a day, then put them in the washing machine.
This should effectively kill the bacteria and mold that are not visible to the naked eye.

Reply Date: 2023/10/06

More Info

When it comes to the health risks associated with storing clothes, particularly those that have been left unwashed for an extended period, there are several factors to consider. Your concerns about bacteria and mold growth are valid, especially in the context of hygiene and overall health.

1. Bacteria and Mold Growth: Clothes that have been stored for a long time, especially if they were not completely dry when packed away, can indeed become a breeding ground for bacteria and mold. The warm, dark, and often humid environment of a closet can promote the growth of these microorganisms. While you may not have noticed any foul odors or visible mold spots, it is still possible for bacteria and mold spores to be present. Mold can thrive on organic materials, and even if the clothes appear clean, they can still harbor allergens and pathogens that may affect your health, particularly if you have allergies or respiratory issues.

2. Health Implications: Prolonged exposure to mold and bacteria can lead to various health problems, including respiratory issues, allergic reactions, and skin irritations. If you decide to open the bag, there is a possibility that you may disturb mold spores or bacteria, which could become airborne. This is particularly concerning for individuals with asthma or other respiratory conditions, as inhaling these spores can exacerbate symptoms.

3. Opening the Bag: If you choose to open the bag, it is advisable to do so in a well-ventilated area. Wearing a mask and gloves can help protect you from inhaling any spores or coming into contact with allergens. It may also be wise to have a damp cloth on hand to cover the opening of the bag as you open it, which can help minimize the spread of any airborne particles.

4. Cleaning and Disinfecting: Regarding your question about cleaning the clothes, using bleach can be effective in killing bacteria and mold, but it is essential to consider the fabric type. Some materials may be damaged by bleach, so it’s crucial to check the care labels on your clothing. If the clothes are made of delicate fabrics or are labeled as "dry clean only," it may be better to take them to a professional cleaner who can handle them appropriately.

5. Disposal vs. Cleaning: If the clothes have significant stains, odors, or visible mold, it may be more prudent to dispose of them rather than risk potential health issues. However, if they are in good condition and you feel comfortable cleaning them, washing them with hot water and a suitable detergent, along with a disinfectant, can help restore them to a wearable state.

In conclusion, while the risk of health issues from bacteria and mold in stored clothes is real, taking proper precautions can mitigate these risks. If you are uncertain about the condition of the clothes or your ability to clean them safely, consulting with a professional cleaner or considering disposal may be the best course of action. Always prioritize your health and safety when dealing with potentially contaminated items.

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