Eye Lightning: Symptoms of Vitreous Degeneration in Myopia - Ophthalmology

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Understanding the phenomenon of "eye lightning" or flashes of light can be particularly concerning for individuals with a history of myopia (nearsightedness) and other ocular conditions. In your case, experiencing flashes of light when moving your eyes, especially in the context of increased floaters, can indeed be indicative of vitreous degeneration or posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).

What is Vitreous Degeneration?
The vitreous is a gel-like substance that fills the eye and helps maintain its shape. As we age or in cases of high myopia, the vitreous can undergo changes, becoming less gel-like and more liquid. This process can lead to the vitreous pulling away from the retina, which is what is referred to as vitreous degeneration. When this occurs, it can cause symptoms such as:
- Flashes of Light: These are often described as "lightning" or "flashes" and occur when the vitreous pulls on the retina. This can happen during eye movements, particularly rapid ones.

- Increased Floaters: These are small specks or strands that drift through your field of vision, often more noticeable against bright backgrounds.


Should You Be Concerned?
While flashes and floaters can be benign, they can also indicate more serious conditions, especially in individuals with high myopia, such as retinal tears or detachments. Given your history of high myopia and cataracts, it's prudent to monitor these symptoms closely. The fact that you have not experienced any significant changes in vision (like blurriness) is a positive sign, but it does not eliminate the need for vigilance.


When to Seek Medical Attention
You should consider seeking medical attention if you experience any of the following:
- A sudden increase in the number of floaters or flashes.

- A shadow or curtain effect in your peripheral vision.

- A sudden change in your vision, such as blurriness or loss of vision.

Since you have a history of high myopia and cataracts, regular eye examinations are crucial. It is recommended that individuals with high myopia have comprehensive eye exams at least once a year, or more frequently if symptoms change or worsen.


Recommended Eye Exams for High Myopia
For individuals with high myopia, the following tests are typically recommended during routine eye exams:
1. Dilated Fundus Examination: This allows the doctor to view the retina and check for any signs of retinal detachment or other abnormalities.

2. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): This imaging test provides detailed images of the retina and can help detect changes in the retinal structure.

3. Visual Field Testing: This assesses your peripheral vision and can help identify any potential issues with the retina or optic nerve.

4. Refraction Tests: To check for changes in your prescription and overall vision.


Insurance Coverage
In terms of insurance coverage, many health insurance plans, including those in Taiwan, provide coverage for regular eye exams, especially for individuals with pre-existing conditions like high myopia. It is advisable to check with your specific insurance provider to understand what tests are covered and how often you can have them done.


Conclusion
In summary, the flashes of light you are experiencing could be related to vitreous degeneration, which is common in individuals with high myopia. While it is essential to remain vigilant and monitor your symptoms, it is equally important to maintain regular check-ups with your eye care professional. If you notice any significant changes or new symptoms, do not hesitate to seek medical advice. Regular eye exams are crucial for managing your eye health, especially given your history of high myopia and cataracts.