Could You Be Pregnant? Risks After Intercourse

Q: Could You Be Pregnant? Risks After Intercourse

Hello, the questioner： There is a possibility of pregnancy even if ejaculation has not occurred during intercourse, as pre-ejaculatory fluid may contain sperm. <br>Additionally, the effectiveness of emergency contraception is not 100%, with a failure rate of about 3%, but it is s

Can I get pregnant?

Hello doctor, my girlfriend had her period from November 19 to November 23.
On December 3, we did not have intercourse, just external rubbing, and there was no ejaculation.
On December 7, she bought a second-generation emergency contraceptive pill, and on December 20, she experienced bright red bleeding, which stopped by the next morning.
Is there a possibility of pregnancy?

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/12/21

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the questioner: There is a possibility of pregnancy even if ejaculation has not occurred during intercourse, as pre-ejaculatory fluid may contain sperm.
Additionally, the effectiveness of emergency contraception is not 100%, with a failure rate of about 3%, but it is still considered a remedial option.
In the early stages of pregnancy, there may not be specific symptoms, and subjective symptoms cannot be used to make a determination.
It is recommended to check for pregnancy if your period is more than a week late.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health.
Dr.
Chang

Reply Date: 2023/12/21

More Info

When considering the possibility of pregnancy after engaging in sexual activity, it is essential to understand the various factors that can influence this outcome. In your case, you mentioned that your girlfriend had her menstrual period from November 19 to November 23, and that on December 3, there was no penetration, only external contact without ejaculation. You also mentioned that she took a second-generation emergency contraceptive pill on December 7 and experienced bright red bleeding on December 20, which stopped the following morning.

To address your question about the likelihood of pregnancy, let's break down the situation:
1. Timing of Intercourse: The menstrual cycle typically lasts about 28 days, but it can vary from person to person. Ovulation usually occurs around 14 days before the start of the next period. Given that your girlfriend's last period ended on November 23, she would likely have ovulated around December 7, which is close to the date when you had external contact. However, since there was no ejaculation, the risk of pregnancy is significantly reduced.

2. Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP): The second-generation emergency contraceptive pill is designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. It is most effective when taken as soon as possible after the event, ideally within 72 hours. Since your girlfriend took the ECP on December 7, it would have been effective in reducing the risk of pregnancy from any potential sperm that may have been present during the external contact.

3. Bleeding After ECP: The bright red bleeding that occurred on December 20 could be a side effect of the emergency contraceptive pill. ECPs can cause changes in menstrual bleeding patterns, including spotting or breakthrough bleeding. This bleeding does not necessarily indicate pregnancy; rather, it may be a response to the hormonal changes induced by the pill.

4. Pregnancy Testing: If there is still uncertainty about the possibility of pregnancy, it is advisable to take a home pregnancy test. These tests are most reliable when taken after a missed period, but they can also provide accurate results a few days before the expected period. If the test is positive, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

In conclusion, based on the information provided, the likelihood of pregnancy appears to be low due to the lack of ejaculation during external contact and the timely use of emergency contraception. However, if there are any concerns or if the bleeding pattern changes significantly, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and reassurance. Regular follow-ups and open communication with your partner about reproductive health are crucial in managing any potential risks associated with sexual activity.

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