Pregnancy Chances After Unprotected Intercourse and Emergency Contraception

Pregnancy probability

On February 12, I had sexual intercourse with my boyfriend without using a condom.
He did not ejaculate, but I am concerned about pre-ejaculate fluid.
I took emergency contraception within 7 hours after the encounter.
I also have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and my last menstrual period was on December 5 of last year.
At the beginning of February, I visited a gynecologist who mentioned that there were no signs of my period coming.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy in this situation?

YH, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/02/12

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the chances are probably slim.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2024/02/12

More Info

When it comes to understanding the chances of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, especially in the context of using emergency contraception, several factors come into play. In your case, you had unprotected intercourse on February 12 and took emergency contraception (EC) within 7 hours. This is a crucial step in reducing the risk of unintended pregnancy.

Emergency contraception pills (ECPs) are most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. They work primarily by delaying ovulation, which means that if you take them before ovulation occurs, they can significantly reduce the chances of pregnancy. The effectiveness of ECPs decreases the longer you wait to take them after intercourse, but taking them within 72 hours can still provide a reasonable level of protection.

Given that you have a history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), it is important to consider how this condition may affect your menstrual cycle and ovulation. PCOS can lead to irregular menstrual cycles, making it more challenging to predict ovulation. If your last menstrual period was on December 5 and you have not had a period since, it is possible that you may not be ovulating regularly. This irregularity can influence your chances of becoming pregnant, as ovulation is necessary for conception to occur.

In your situation, since you took the emergency contraception shortly after the unprotected intercourse, the likelihood of pregnancy is relatively low, especially if you have not ovulated. However, it is still possible to become pregnant, albeit at a reduced risk. If you do not get your period within a few weeks after the expected date, it would be advisable to take a pregnancy test to confirm whether or not you are pregnant.

Additionally, if you experience any unusual symptoms, such as severe abdominal pain or unusual bleeding, it is important to seek medical attention. These could be signs of complications, such as an ectopic pregnancy, which is a rare but serious condition that can occur when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus.

In summary, while the chances of pregnancy after taking emergency contraception are reduced, they are not entirely eliminated, especially considering your irregular menstrual cycle due to PCOS. If you have concerns about your menstrual cycle or potential pregnancy, it is best to consult with a healthcare provider who can offer personalized advice and support based on your medical history and current situation. Regular follow-ups with your gynecologist can also help manage any underlying conditions like PCOS and provide guidance on effective contraception methods moving forward.

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