Lower Abdominal Pain and Pregnancy Chances After Unprotected Sex

Lower abdominal pain and the likelihood of pregnancy?

On February 12, I had intercourse with my boyfriend without a condom and without ejaculation.
Due to pain, it ended quickly.
My boyfriend had an ejaculation three hours prior, but I am concerned about the possibility of pre-ejaculate fluid.
I took emergency contraception (Plan B) within 12 hours.
Additionally, I have a history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and my last menstrual period was on December 5.
I visited a gynecologist in February, and he mentioned that it may take some time for me to conceive.
I would like to know what the chances of pregnancy are.
After taking the emergency contraception, I noticed an increase in discharge, which is sometimes yellow-green in color, and I am experiencing dull pain in the area below my navel and around my lower back.
Is this considered normal? When is the best time to take a pregnancy test for accurate results?

H, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/02/19

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the effectiveness of emergency contraception is not 100%, with a failure rate of about 3%.
Additionally, early pregnancy may not present specific symptoms, and subjective symptoms cannot be used to make a determination.
It is advisable to consult a physician for a check-up if menstruation does not occur, to rule out pregnancy or other causes.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health.
Dr.
Chang

Reply Date: 2024/02/19

More Info

Understanding lower abdominal pain and the chances of pregnancy after unprotected sex can be quite complex, especially considering the various factors that can influence both symptoms and outcomes.
Firstly, regarding the likelihood of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, it is important to note that the chances can vary significantly based on the timing of the menstrual cycle. If you had unprotected sex on February 12 and your last menstrual period (LMP) was on December 5, it is crucial to consider whether you were approaching ovulation. Typically, ovulation occurs about 14 days before the start of your next period. If your cycles are irregular due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), predicting ovulation can be more challenging.
The use of emergency contraception (the "morning-after pill") within 12 hours after unprotected intercourse significantly reduces the chances of pregnancy. However, it is not 100% effective, and factors such as timing and individual hormonal responses can affect its efficacy.
Regarding the symptoms you are experiencing, such as increased vaginal discharge and lower abdominal pain, these can be attributed to several factors. After taking emergency contraception, it is common to experience changes in your menstrual cycle, which may include altered discharge, cramping, or even spotting. The yellow-green discharge you mentioned could indicate a possible infection, especially if it is accompanied by a foul odor or other symptoms like itching. It is essential to monitor these symptoms closely.

The lower abdominal pain you are experiencing could be related to various causes, including ovulation pain (mittelschmerz), the effects of the emergency contraceptive, or even potential complications such as an infection or ectopic pregnancy, particularly if the pain is severe or persistent. If the pain worsens or is accompanied by other concerning symptoms (such as heavy bleeding, fever, or severe discomfort), it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly.

As for pregnancy testing, it is generally recommended to wait at least one week after a missed period for the most accurate results. Since your menstrual cycle may be irregular due to PCOS, you might want to wait about two weeks after the unprotected intercourse to take a home pregnancy test for a more reliable result.
In summary, while the chances of pregnancy exist after unprotected sex, the use of emergency contraception significantly lowers that risk. The symptoms you are experiencing could be normal side effects of the emergency contraceptive or indicative of other issues, such as an infection. It is crucial to monitor your symptoms and consult with a healthcare provider if you have concerns or if your symptoms persist or worsen. Regular follow-ups with a gynecologist can also help manage any underlying conditions, such as PCOS, and provide guidance on reproductive health.

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