Contraceptive Failure: What to Do If a Condom Breaks? - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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When a condom breaks during intercourse, it can understandably cause concern about potential pregnancy. In your case, since you mentioned that you took emergency contraception (the "morning-after pill") within an hour after the incident, this significantly reduces the risk of pregnancy.
Emergency contraception is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. The sooner it is taken, the higher the efficacy, with studies showing that it can reduce the risk of pregnancy by up to 89% if taken within 72 hours. Some types of emergency contraception can be effective up to 120 hours after unprotected sex, but their effectiveness decreases over time. Since you took the pill within an hour, you maximized your chances of preventing pregnancy.

Regarding your girlfriend's menstrual cycle, if her last period started on February 13 and ended on February 17, she would likely be in the luteal phase of her cycle at the time of the incident, which typically occurs about a week after ovulation. Ovulation usually happens around 14 days before the start of the next period, so if her cycle is regular, she might have ovulated around February 27. If the condom broke after ejaculation, there is a possibility that sperm could have been present in the vaginal canal, but since you took emergency contraception quickly, this further mitigates the risk.

It's also important to consider that while emergency contraception is effective, it is not 100% guaranteed to prevent pregnancy. If your girlfriend does not get her period within three weeks of the incident, it would be wise for her to take a pregnancy test to confirm whether or not she is pregnant.
In addition to the immediate concern of pregnancy, it’s also worth discussing the importance of using condoms correctly and consistently to prevent both unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). If you and your girlfriend are considering long-term contraceptive methods, there are various options available, including hormonal birth control pills, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and implants, which can provide more reliable protection than condoms alone.

In summary, while the risk of pregnancy exists when a condom breaks, your prompt action in taking emergency contraception significantly lowers that risk. Monitoring her menstrual cycle and taking a pregnancy test if her period is late will provide clarity. If you have further concerns or questions about contraceptive methods, it may be beneficial to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice and options.