Stomach Polyps: Are They Always Benign? - Gastroenterology and Hepatology

The issue of gastric polyps?

Hello Doctor: Last week, I underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and the doctor mentioned that I have a polyp approximately 1 cm in size, which is benign and has been removed.
Can you confirm that it is indeed benign? Is there a possibility that it could become malignant? I had an endoscopy several years ago, and nothing was found, so I am quite worried.
I have to wait until next week for the report, and it's quite agonizing.
However, the doctor did say that I do not have a Helicobacter pylori infection.
Thank you, Doctor.

Miton, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/04/13

Dr. Lin Minghui reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Most gastric polyps are benign.
If they are too large, or if there are complications such as ulceration, bleeding, or obstruction, appropriate management is required.
The physician has provided the necessary treatment.
It is advised not to worry too much.
Follow-up in the outpatient clinic will include pathology slides to assess the degree of cellular dysplasia, the presence of cancer cells, and the presence of Helicobacter pylori.
Please adhere to the medical advice for follow-up.
Wishing you good health!

Reply Date: 2024/04/13

More Info

Stomach polyps are growths that form on the lining of the stomach, and they can vary in size, shape, and type. The majority of stomach polyps are benign, meaning they are not cancerous and do not pose a significant health risk. However, there are different types of stomach polyps, and some can have a higher risk of becoming malignant (cancerous) over time.

The most common types of stomach polyps include:
1. Fundic Gland Polyps: These are usually benign and are often associated with the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). They are generally not considered precursors to cancer.

2. Adenomatous Polyps: These polyps have a higher risk of becoming cancerous. They are less common than fundic gland polyps and require careful monitoring and possibly removal.

3. Hyperplastic Polyps: These are also generally benign but can sometimes be associated with chronic inflammation of the stomach lining.

In your case, since the doctor has indicated that the polyp was removed and described it as benign, it is likely that it is a fundic gland polyp or another type that is not associated with a high risk of malignancy. The fact that you have no Helicobacter pylori infection is also a positive sign, as this bacterium is often linked to gastric inflammation and can contribute to the development of certain types of polyps and gastric cancer.

It is understandable to feel anxious while waiting for pathology results, but it is important to remember that most stomach polyps do not lead to cancer. The follow-up care, including regular endoscopic surveillance, is crucial to monitor for any new polyps or changes in existing ones. Your doctor will likely recommend a follow-up endoscopy based on the findings and your individual risk factors.

Regarding your concern about the potential for malignancy, it is essential to have open communication with your healthcare provider. They can explain the specific type of polyp you had, the associated risks, and the rationale for any recommended follow-up procedures. If you have a family history of gastric cancer or other risk factors, your doctor may suggest more frequent monitoring.

In summary, while some stomach polyps can become cancerous, the majority are benign, especially if they are small and have been properly evaluated and removed. Regular follow-ups and monitoring are key to ensuring your ongoing health. If you have any lingering concerns or questions, do not hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for clarification and reassurance.

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