Pregnancy Risks and Emergency Contraception After Condom Failure

Can I get pregnant?

On April 13, during sexual intercourse with my girlfriend, I discovered that the condom broke.
I immediately withdrew and did not ejaculate.
Her period is expected to arrive in about two to three days.
I would like to know what the chances of pregnancy are in this situation.
Is it still effective to take emergency contraception now, or should we wait until after her period to take it? Is taking emergency contraception after intercourse effective?

Xiao Dan Dan, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/04/14

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the chances of pregnancy should be low.
If you are still concerned, you can take emergency contraception.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2024/04/14

More Info

When it comes to understanding pregnancy risks and emergency contraception after a condom failure, it is essential to consider several factors. First, let's address the situation you described: you had sexual intercourse with your girlfriend on April 13, and the condom broke. You mentioned that you withdrew before ejaculation, which is a crucial step in reducing the risk of pregnancy, but it is not foolproof.
The likelihood of pregnancy occurring after a condom failure depends on various factors, including the timing of the menstrual cycle, the presence of sperm, and whether any contraceptive methods were used. If your girlfriend's menstrual cycle is regular and you are aware of her ovulation period, you can estimate the risk. Ovulation typically occurs around 14 days before the start of her next period, making the days leading up to and including ovulation the most fertile. If intercourse occurred close to ovulation, the risk of pregnancy is higher.

Regarding emergency contraception, it is important to note that there are two main types: the emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) and the copper intrauterine device (IUD). The ECP is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to 5 days after. If you are considering taking an emergency contraceptive pill, it is best to do so as soon as possible.
You mentioned the possibility of taking a "preemptive" contraceptive pill. If you are referring to regular birth control pills, they are not effective as emergency contraception if taken after unprotected intercourse. However, if your girlfriend is already on a regular birth control regimen, and she missed a dose, she should follow the instructions provided with her contraceptive method.
If your girlfriend's period is due soon, it is advisable to wait until after her expected period to take a pregnancy test. If her period is late, a pregnancy test can provide clarity on whether she is pregnant.
In summary, the risk of pregnancy after a condom failure can vary, but taking emergency contraception as soon as possible can significantly reduce that risk. If your girlfriend is not on regular birth control, she should consider taking an emergency contraceptive pill immediately. If she is on birth control, she should follow the guidelines for missed pills.
Lastly, if there are any concerns about the effectiveness of contraception or the possibility of pregnancy, it is always a good idea to consult with a healthcare provider. They can provide personalized advice based on her health history and current situation.

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Hello, the emergency contraception has been taken, and now it's just a matter of observation. The menstrual induction injection was ineffective. Wishing you good health.