Bladder Infections: Symptoms, Treatment, and Recurrence Risks

Cystitis

I previously experienced blood in my urine and fever, which my doctor attributed to a urinary tract infection (UTI).
Can a UTI be accompanied by fever? Recently, after having intercourse with my boyfriend, I suspect I had another UTI that also included fever symptoms.
I went to the pharmacy and took medication for three days, and after finishing the medication, I thought I was fine.
However, a couple of days later, my mother had a UTI, and I went back to the pharmacy where the pharmacist told me that a UTI should be treated with a full week’s worth of medication.
If I only take three days' worth and do not take it continuously, bacteria can develop resistance, making the next treatment ineffective and increasing the likelihood of recurrence.
Is this true?
(1) If I do not take the medication continuously, will I be more likely to have a recurrence? It has been almost a week since I last took the medication; what should I do now?
(2) I have heard that once you get a UTI, it can frequently recur.
Is there no way to completely cure it?
(3) Why do I always experience fever and chills with my UTIs? Is this normal, or could it be a sign that I have contracted a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?
(4) If I suspect that I have contracted an STI, should I go to a gynecologist or another specialist, and what kind of tests should I ask for? Thank you for taking the time to answer my questions.
I appreciate it.

A Zhu, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2004/02/25

Dr. Pan Zhenqin reply Urology

Cystitis can sometimes cause fever, especially when it leads to pyelonephritis.
Sexual activity is indeed one of the risk factors for developing cystitis, particularly when there is an increase in vaginal secretions during intercourse, which can make it more likely to occur.
However, whether it is simple cystitis or cystitis induced by sexual activity, increasing fluid intake to enhance urine output can generally lead to improvement.
A three-day course of antibiotics is sufficient if symptoms have completely resolved.
If there are still residual symptoms, the medication should be continued.
Additionally, to prevent recurrent cystitis, it is crucial to drink plenty of water, avoid holding in urine, and increase fluid intake before and after sexual activity.
If cystitis still occurs after sexual activity despite these measures, considering a prophylactic dose of antibiotics prior to intercourse may be beneficial.
It is advisable to consult a urologist or gynecologist for a definitive diagnosis and treatment.

Reply Date: 2004/02/25

More Info

Bladder infections, commonly known as urinary tract infections (UTIs), can indeed present with a variety of symptoms, including blood in the urine (hematuria), fever, and chills. These symptoms can occur due to inflammation and infection of the bladder, which can be exacerbated by sexual activity, as you have experienced. Let's address your questions one by one.

1. Continuous Use of Antibiotics: It is true that when treating a bladder infection, it is important to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Typically, this course lasts about 5 to 7 days, depending on the severity of the infection and the specific antibiotic used. If you only took the medication for three days, it may not have fully eradicated the bacteria, leading to a higher risk of recurrence. Incomplete treatment can also contribute to antibiotic resistance, making future infections harder to treat. If you are experiencing symptoms again, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider for a proper evaluation and possibly a new course of antibiotics.

2. Recurrence of Bladder Infections: Unfortunately, some individuals are prone to recurrent bladder infections, especially women. Factors such as anatomical predispositions, hormonal changes, and lifestyle choices can contribute to this. While there is no guaranteed way to prevent all recurrences, there are strategies that may help, such as staying well-hydrated, urinating after sexual intercourse, and practicing good hygiene. If you find that you are experiencing frequent UTIs, it may be beneficial to discuss preventive measures with your healthcare provider.

3. Fever and Chills with Bladder Infections: The presence of fever and chills indicates that the infection may be more severe, possibly involving the kidneys (pyelonephritis) rather than just the bladder. This is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. If you experience these symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical care immediately, as untreated kidney infections can lead to serious complications.

4. Concerns About Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): If you suspect that you may have contracted an STI, it is important to seek medical evaluation. You can visit a gynecologist or a urologist, as both specialists can perform the necessary tests. Common tests include urine tests, swabs, and blood tests to check for STIs such as chlamydia and gonorrhea. It is essential to be open with your healthcare provider about your symptoms and concerns so they can provide the best care.

In summary, bladder infections can indeed be associated with fever and chills, especially if the infection is severe. Completing the full course of antibiotics is crucial to prevent recurrence and resistance. If you are experiencing recurrent infections, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare provider for further evaluation and management. Additionally, if you have concerns about STIs, seeking testing and treatment is important for your health and well-being. Always prioritize open communication with your healthcare provider to ensure you receive the best possible care.

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