Effectiveness of Emergency Contraceptive Pills Taken 10 Minutes After Intercourse

The effectiveness of emergency contraception taken approximately 10 minutes after unprotected intercourse is generally high, with studies indicating that it can reduce the risk of pregnancy by up to 95% if taken within 24 hours. However, the effectiveness decreases the longer the delay in taking the medication after intercourse. It is important to note that emergency contraception is most effective when used as soon as possible after unprotected sex?

Hello, doctor.
My boyfriend and I had unprotected intercourse with withdrawal on June 14 (ovulation day).
About 10 minutes later, I took the emergency contraceptive pill.
What is the success rate of this method? I experienced bleeding around June 25 that lasted for about 4 days, and then on the night of July 2, I had bleeding again.
Is this normal? Does the emergency contraceptive pill delay my menstrual period?

Nabi, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/07/03

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the effects of emergency contraceptive pills on menstruation can vary; they may cause your period to come early or be delayed.
Additionally, their contraceptive effectiveness is not 100%, with a failure rate of about 3%.
However, they are still considered a good backup option.
If your period is more than a week late, it is advisable to check for pregnancy.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health.
Dr.
Zhang

Reply Date: 2024/07/03

More Info

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are a crucial option for individuals who may have had unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure, such as a broken condom. In your case, you had unprotected intercourse on your ovulation day and took the emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) approximately 10 minutes afterward. The timing of taking the ECP is critical, as its effectiveness is highest when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse.

ECPs, such as Plan B (levonorgestrel) or Ella (ulipristal acetate), are designed to prevent pregnancy primarily by delaying or inhibiting ovulation. If taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse, Plan B is about 89% effective, while Ella can be effective up to 120 hours after intercourse. Since you took the ECP within 10 minutes, you maximized your chances of preventing pregnancy. However, it is important to note that ECPs are not 100% effective; there is still a small risk of pregnancy, estimated at around 3-15%, depending on the timing of ovulation and the type of ECP used.

Regarding your question about the bleeding you experienced on June 25, which lasted for about four days, this could be a withdrawal bleed caused by the ECP. It is common for ECPs to cause changes in menstrual bleeding patterns, including spotting or an early period. The second bleeding episode you mentioned on July 2 could also be related to the hormonal changes induced by the ECP.
ECPs can indeed affect your menstrual cycle. Some individuals may experience a delay in their next period, while others may have their period arrive earlier than expected. It is also possible for the flow to be lighter or heavier than usual. If your period is more than a week late, it is advisable to take a pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy.

In summary, taking the emergency contraceptive pill shortly after unprotected intercourse significantly increases its effectiveness in preventing pregnancy. While you have a good chance of avoiding pregnancy due to the promptness of taking the ECP, it is essential to monitor your menstrual cycle following its use. If you experience any unusual symptoms or have concerns about your menstrual cycle, consulting a healthcare provider is recommended for personalized advice and support.

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