Unexplained Asthma: Causes, Transmission, and Treatment

Asthma of unknown origin?

Hello Dr.
Jian, I have a few questions to ask: 1.
What causes asthma of unknown origin, considering that I do not smoke? 2.
Is bronchiectasis contagious? 3.
Can asthma be completely cured?

KIG, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2004/05/12

Dr. Jian Linzhen reply Pulmonology

1.
Asthma is a recurrent airflow obstruction disorder that can resolve spontaneously or improve with appropriate treatment.
Depending on its severity, it may present with symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, chest tightness, and coughing; some asthma patients may also experience excessive mucus production.
The pulmonary function abnormalities in asthma patients primarily include two types: airway hyperresponsiveness and acute airflow obstruction.
The development of asthma is influenced by two major factors: one is an allergic predisposition, which alone does not cause asthma; it must be combined with environmental factors, known as "triggers." Common triggers (commonly referred to as allergens) in Taiwan include dust, cockroaches, house dust mites, pet dander, and mold, with a lower correlation to food allergies.

2.
No.
3.
Adult asthma can be a continuation of childhood asthma that recurs into adulthood, or it can occur after a long period of remission from childhood asthma.
Another possibility is the onset of asthma during adulthood.
The underlying cause of asthma is a chronic inflammatory response in the airways, making it a chronic condition.
From a theoretical perspective, there is no cure for asthma; however, with proper long-term management, it is possible to achieve prolonged periods of symptom relief.

Reply Date: 2004/05/12

More Info

Understanding unexplained asthma can be quite complex, as asthma is a multifactorial condition influenced by a variety of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Let's break down your questions regarding unexplained asthma, its causes, transmission, and treatment.

1. What Causes Unexplained Asthma?
Unexplained asthma, or asthma that occurs without a clear trigger, can be caused by several factors. While smoking is a well-known risk factor, other contributors include allergens (like pollen, dust mites, mold, and pet dander), respiratory infections, air pollution, and even physical activity. In some cases, individuals may have a genetic predisposition to asthma, meaning that their family history can play a significant role. Additionally, stress and hormonal changes can exacerbate asthma symptoms. It's important to note that asthma can also be triggered by non-allergic factors, such as cold air, strong odors, or weather changes.
2. Is Bronchiectasis Contagious?
Bronchiectasis itself is not contagious. It is a chronic condition characterized by the abnormal and permanent dilation of the bronchi, often resulting from repeated infections or other conditions that damage the airways. While the underlying infections that can lead to bronchiectasis (like pneumonia or tuberculosis) can be contagious, the bronchiectasis itself cannot be transmitted from one person to another. It is essential to manage the underlying causes and maintain good respiratory health to prevent further complications.

3. Can Asthma Be Completely Cured?
Currently, asthma is considered a chronic condition that cannot be completely cured. However, it can be effectively managed with the right treatment plan. Most individuals with asthma can achieve good control of their symptoms through a combination of medications and lifestyle modifications. Controller medications, such as inhaled corticosteroids, help reduce inflammation and prevent asthma attacks, while rescue inhalers (bronchodilators) provide quick relief during an asthma attack.
In addition to medication, identifying and avoiding triggers is crucial. This may involve making changes in your home environment, such as using air purifiers, keeping pets out of bedrooms, and ensuring proper ventilation. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider can help monitor asthma control and adjust treatment as necessary.

In summary, unexplained asthma can arise from various factors, and while it cannot be cured, it can be managed effectively. Understanding your specific triggers and working closely with a healthcare provider can lead to improved quality of life and reduced symptoms. If you have further concerns or symptoms, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional who can provide personalized guidance and treatment options.

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