Is Bleeding After Taking Emergency Contraceptive Pills Normal?

Will taking emergency contraception cause bleeding?

My period started on May 7th.
I had sexual intercourse on May 14th, but the condom broke.
I later bought and took emergency contraception.
On May 19th, I noticed bleeding in the morning and then again in the evening.
Is it normal to have bleeding after taking emergency contraception? Is this considered my menstrual period? Thank you.

Xiao Ming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2004/05/19

Dr. Zhan Deqin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

It is true that there may be light bleeding after taking the emergency contraceptive pill.

Reply Date: 2004/05/19

More Info

Bleeding after taking emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) is a common occurrence and can be considered a normal side effect. ECPs, such as Plan B or Ella, contain hormones that can disrupt the normal hormonal balance in your body, which may lead to unexpected bleeding. This bleeding can manifest as spotting or a heavier flow, and it may occur at different times after taking the pill.

In your case, since you had your last menstrual period on May 7 and had unprotected intercourse on May 14, taking the emergency contraceptive pill shortly after was a prudent decision to prevent an unintended pregnancy. The bleeding you experienced starting on May 19 could be a side effect of the ECP. It is important to note that this bleeding is not necessarily your menstrual period; rather, it could be a result of the hormonal changes induced by the pill.

ECPs work primarily by delaying ovulation, preventing fertilization, or preventing a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterus. However, they do not terminate an existing pregnancy. If you take ECPs during the luteal phase of your cycle (after ovulation), it may cause your body to shed the uterine lining, leading to bleeding.

It's also worth mentioning that the timing and nature of your next menstrual period may be affected by taking ECPs. Some women may experience their next period earlier or later than expected, and the flow may be lighter or heavier than usual. If your bleeding is significantly heavier than a normal period, or if you experience severe pain, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider.

If you are concerned about the bleeding or if it continues for an extended period, it would be wise to seek medical advice. A healthcare provider can perform a pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy and assess whether the bleeding is within normal limits or if further investigation is needed.

In summary, bleeding after taking emergency contraceptive pills can be a normal side effect due to hormonal changes. It is not uncommon for this bleeding to occur before your next expected period. However, if you have any concerns about the amount of bleeding or if it is accompanied by other symptoms, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for guidance and reassurance.

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