Essential Tar Shampoos for Psoriasis: What to Look For - Dermatology

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When it comes to treating psoriasis, especially on the scalp, tar shampoos are a common and effective option. These shampoos contain coal tar, a byproduct of coal that has been used for centuries to treat various skin conditions, including psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis. Here’s what you should look for when selecting an essential tar shampoo for psoriasis:

Key Ingredients to Look For
1. Coal Tar Concentration: The effectiveness of a tar shampoo often depends on the concentration of coal tar. Look for products that specify the percentage of coal tar, typically ranging from 0.5% to 5%. Higher concentrations may be more effective but can also increase the risk of irritation.

2. Additional Active Ingredients: Some tar shampoos combine coal tar with other active ingredients to enhance their effectiveness. Ingredients like salicylic acid can help exfoliate the scalp and reduce scaling, while zinc pyrithione has antifungal properties that can help with associated conditions like dandruff.

3. Moisturizing Agents: Psoriasis can lead to dry and flaky skin, so look for shampoos that include moisturizing agents such as aloe vera, glycerin, or natural oils (like tea tree oil or coconut oil). These can help soothe the scalp and reduce dryness.

4. Fragrance-Free Options: Many individuals with psoriasis have sensitive skin. Choosing fragrance-free products can help minimize the risk of irritation or allergic reactions.

5. pH Balanced: A shampoo that is pH balanced can help maintain the natural acidity of the scalp, which is important for overall scalp health.


Popular Coal Tar Shampoos
While you mentioned "保麗娜" (Polytar), there are several other well-known coal tar shampoos available on the market:
1. Neutrogena T/Gel: This is one of the most popular coal tar shampoos. It contains 1% coal tar and is effective in treating scalp psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis.

2. MG217 Medicated Conditioning Shampoo: This shampoo contains 3% coal tar and is designed to relieve itching and flaking associated with psoriasis.

3. DHS Tar Shampoo: This product contains coal tar and is formulated to help control the symptoms of psoriasis and dandruff.

4. T/Gel Extra Strength: For more severe cases, this variant contains a higher concentration of coal tar and is designed for more intense treatment.


Tips for Use
- Frequency of Use: Follow the instructions on the product label. Generally, tar shampoos can be used 2-3 times a week. However, it’s essential to monitor your scalp's response and adjust usage accordingly.

- Application Method: Apply the shampoo to dry hair and scalp, leave it on for about 5-10 minutes, then rinse thoroughly. This allows the coal tar to penetrate the skin effectively.

- Sun Exposure: Coal tar can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. It’s advisable to avoid direct sun exposure after using tar shampoos or to apply sunscreen if you need to be outdoors.


Conclusion
When selecting a tar shampoo for psoriasis, focus on the concentration of coal tar, additional beneficial ingredients, and the overall formulation to ensure it meets your needs. Always consult with a healthcare provider or dermatologist before starting any new treatment, especially if you have sensitive skin or are experiencing severe symptoms. They can provide personalized recommendations and ensure that you are using the most effective treatment for your specific condition.