Unexplained Abdominal Pain and Swelling: Possible Causes - Surgery

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Unexplained abdominal pain and swelling can be concerning, especially when accompanied by other symptoms like bloating, belching, and swelling in the legs. Based on your description, it seems you have already been evaluated for a possible hernia, which is a common cause of abdominal discomfort and can indeed occur in women. However, the emergence of new symptoms, such as increased abdominal discomfort, bloating, and leg swelling, warrants further investigation.


Possible Causes of Your Symptoms
1. Hernia: As you mentioned, a hernia can cause a feeling of heaviness or pressure in the abdomen. If the hernia is incarcerated or strangulated, it can lead to more severe symptoms, including pain and swelling. Surgical intervention is often required to repair a hernia, especially if it is causing significant discomfort.

2. Gastrointestinal Issues: The symptoms of bloating, belching, and abdominal discomfort could also indicate gastrointestinal problems such as:
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): This functional gastrointestinal disorder can cause bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits.

- Gastritis or Peptic Ulcer Disease: Inflammation of the stomach lining or ulcers can lead to discomfort, especially after eating.

- Intestinal Obstruction: This is a more serious condition where the intestines are blocked, leading to swelling and pain. It can be caused by adhesions, hernias, or other factors.

3. Fluid Retention: The swelling in your legs and abdomen could be due to fluid retention, which can occur for various reasons, including:
- Heart or Kidney Issues: Conditions affecting these organs can lead to fluid buildup in the body.

- Liver Disease: Liver dysfunction can also cause abdominal swelling and fluid retention.

4. Infection or Inflammation: Conditions such as appendicitis, diverticulitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease can cause abdominal pain and swelling. These conditions often present with more severe symptoms and may require immediate medical attention.

5. Hormonal Changes: If your symptoms coincide with your menstrual cycle, hormonal fluctuations could also contribute to bloating and abdominal discomfort.


Recommendations
Given the complexity of your symptoms, it is crucial to follow up with your healthcare provider. Here are some steps you might consider:
- Further Evaluation: Since you have already seen a general surgeon, it may be beneficial to have imaging studies such as an abdominal ultrasound or CT scan to assess for any underlying issues related to your hernia or other gastrointestinal problems.


- Monitor Symptoms: Keep a detailed record of your symptoms, including when they occur, their severity, and any associated factors (like food intake or activity levels). This information can be invaluable for your healthcare provider.

- Dietary Adjustments: Consider keeping a food diary to identify any potential triggers for your bloating and discomfort. Sometimes, dietary changes can alleviate symptoms related to IBS or gastritis.

- Hydration and Activity: Ensure you are staying hydrated and engaging in regular physical activity, as this can help with fluid retention and overall digestive health.

- Follow-Up: If your symptoms worsen or you develop new symptoms (such as fever, severe pain, or changes in bowel habits), seek medical attention promptly.


Conclusion
While your initial diagnosis of a hernia is a significant finding, the new symptoms you are experiencing suggest that further investigation is necessary. It is essential to communicate openly with your healthcare provider about your concerns and symptoms to ensure a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate management. Your health is paramount, and addressing these symptoms early can lead to better outcomes.