Vascular Proliferation from Contact Lens Use: Risks and Prevention

Q: Vascular Proliferation from Contact Lens Use: Risks and Prevention

Subject： Corneal Neovascularization. <br>Explanation： Contact lenses can cause friction on the cornea and lead to corneal hypoxia, both of which can result in corneal neovascularization. <br>If the neovascularization is severe enough to extend close to the pupil, contact lens wea

Vascular proliferation?

Hello, Doctor! I recently read an article where a friend mentioned that he developed neovascularization around his contact lenses due to insufficient oxygen supply to his eyes.
His ophthalmologist told him that the neovascularization was too severe, and he could no longer wear contact lenses.
Since I started wearing contact lenses, I have also noticed several small red blood vessels in the white part of my eyes.
Is this neovascularization? How can I prevent it? Are rigid gas permeable lenses more oxygen-permeable? I've also heard that contact lenses should only be worn for ten years...
is there really a time limit? Is it related to the cornea? Thank you, Doctor, for answering my questions.
I really appreciate it! Wishing you good health and all the best!

Ni Ke, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2001/03/23

Dr. Huang Bozhen reply Ophthalmology

Subject: Corneal Neovascularization.
Explanation: Contact lenses can cause friction on the cornea and lead to corneal hypoxia, both of which can result in corneal neovascularization.
If the neovascularization is severe enough to extend close to the pupil, contact lens wear should be discontinued, and this should be determined by a physician.
As for your eye, the blood vessels should not extend to the cornea near the pupil, so you can continue wearing them.
Additionally, rigid gas permeable lenses are theoretically better than soft contact lenses, but users often experience discomfort or difficulty adapting to them, which is why they are less commonly used.
Furthermore, the duration of wear—whether ten or twenty years—varies from person to person.

Reply Date: 2001/03/23

More Info

Vascular proliferation, or neovascularization, around the cornea can indeed be a significant concern for contact lens wearers. This condition occurs when new blood vessels grow into the cornea, usually as a response to hypoxia (lack of oxygen) caused by the contact lenses. When the cornea is deprived of oxygen, it can trigger the body to create new blood vessels in an attempt to supply the necessary oxygen and nutrients. This can lead to complications, including potential vision impairment, and in severe cases, it may necessitate the discontinuation of contact lens use.

The appearance of small red blood vessels in the sclera (the white part of the eye) that you mentioned could be indicative of vascular proliferation. However, it is essential to have a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist to determine the exact cause and severity of these changes. If the blood vessels are encroaching upon the cornea or approaching the pupil, it could signal a more serious issue that requires immediate attention.

To prevent vascular proliferation associated with contact lens use, consider the following recommendations:
1. Choose the Right Lenses: Opt for high-oxygen-permeable lenses. Rigid gas permeable (RGP) lenses typically allow more oxygen to reach the cornea compared to soft lenses. However, they may not be suitable for everyone due to comfort issues.

2. Follow Proper Hygiene: Always wash your hands before handling contact lenses, and ensure that your lenses are cleaned and stored properly. Replace your lenses as recommended by your eye care professional.

3. Limit Wear Time: Avoid wearing contact lenses for extended periods, especially overnight. Give your eyes a break by wearing glasses occasionally.

4. Regular Eye Exams: Schedule regular check-ups with your eye doctor to monitor your eye health and the condition of your cornea. Early detection of any changes can help prevent complications.

5. Stay Hydrated: Ensure that you are adequately hydrated, as this can help maintain the moisture levels in your eyes.

6. Use Artificial Tears: If you experience dryness or discomfort, using preservative-free artificial tears can help keep your eyes lubricated.

Regarding the notion that contact lenses can only be worn for a specific duration, such as ten years, this is not a hard and fast rule. The longevity of contact lens wear depends on various factors, including the type of lenses used, the individual's eye health, and how well the lenses are cared for. Some individuals may wear contact lenses for many years without issues, while others may develop complications sooner. The cornea's health is crucial in this regard; any history of corneal damage or disease can influence how long one can safely wear contact lenses.

In summary, while contact lenses can provide convenience and comfort, they also come with risks, particularly concerning oxygen deprivation and vascular proliferation. By adhering to proper lens care, choosing the right type of lenses, and maintaining regular eye examinations, you can significantly reduce the risks associated with contact lens wear. If you notice any changes in your vision or eye health, it is crucial to consult with an eye care professional promptly.

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