Menstrual Changes: Causes and Concerns for Women

Q: Menstrual Changes: Causes and Concerns for Women

Hello： 1. A low menstrual flow may have several causes that could affect fertility, so it is advisable to visit a hospital for examination and treatment. 2. Blood tests for progesterone can be done during the luteal phase. 3. Some individuals may experience th

Menstrual issues

Hello, my question is about my menstrual flow, which has gradually decreased.
In the past, it would take 3 to 4 days before it started to lessen, but in recent years, it has been almost gone in just 1 to 2 days, and the amount of menstrual blood is very low (previously, I needed to change pads twice in the morning, but now I only need to change once).
My menstrual cycle is regular.
Sometimes, my breasts feel very painful and swollen when my period starts.
Occasionally, I experience slight pain in my lower left abdomen, which is not limited to when I have my period.

I would like to ask:
1.
Is a low menstrual blood volume indicative of any underlying conditions, and could it affect fertility?
2.
How can I determine if there is insufficient progesterone secretion (excluding basal body temperature)?
3.
Is it normal for my breasts to feel painful and swollen during my period?
4.
Is it normal to have cervical mucus that resembles egg whites or a thick, yogurt-like white discharge without odor a week before my period?
Thank you for your help!

Xiao Mei, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2004/09/30

Dr. Mao Yikun reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello: 1.
A low menstrual flow may have several causes that could affect fertility, so it is advisable to visit a hospital for examination and treatment.
2.
Blood tests for progesterone can be done during the luteal phase.
3.
Some individuals may experience this.
4.
If there is egg white-like cervical mucus during ovulation, it is considered normal; however, if the discharge resembles yogurt, it should be checked.

Reply Date: 2004/09/30

More Info

Understanding menstrual changes is crucial for women's health, as these changes can indicate underlying medical conditions or hormonal imbalances. Your concerns about reduced menstrual flow, breast tenderness, and changes in discharge are valid and warrant a thorough discussion.

1. Reduced Menstrual Flow and Potential Underlying Causes: A decrease in menstrual flow, known as hypomenorrhea, can be caused by various factors, including hormonal imbalances, stress, significant weight changes, or underlying health conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid disorders. If your menstrual flow has significantly decreased from what was previously normal for you, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider to rule out any potential issues. In terms of fertility, while a reduced menstrual flow does not directly indicate infertility, it can be a sign of hormonal imbalances that may affect ovulation and, consequently, your ability to conceive.
2. Assessing Progesterone Levels: To determine if there is a deficiency in progesterone (the hormone produced by the corpus luteum after ovulation), several methods can be employed. Blood tests measuring hormone levels, particularly during the luteal phase of your cycle (approximately one week before your period), can provide insight into your progesterone levels. Additionally, a healthcare provider may suggest tracking your menstrual cycle and symptoms, as well as conducting an ultrasound to assess ovarian function and the endometrial lining.

3. Breast Tenderness During Menstruation: Breast tenderness, or mastalgia, is a common symptom associated with hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. It is often linked to changes in estrogen and progesterone levels. While some breast discomfort can be normal, if the pain is severe or accompanied by other unusual symptoms (such as lumps or significant changes in breast appearance), it is advisable to seek medical evaluation to rule out any other conditions.

4. Changes in Vaginal Discharge: The presence of cervical mucus that resembles egg whites during ovulation is normal and indicates peak fertility. This type of discharge is typically clear and stretchy, which helps sperm travel through the cervix. In contrast, a thicker, white discharge resembling yogurt can occur at different times in your cycle and is often normal, especially if there is no accompanying odor or irritation. However, if you notice any changes in color, consistency, or odor, or if you experience itching or discomfort, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider, as these could be signs of an infection or other conditions.

In summary, while some changes in menstrual flow, breast tenderness, and discharge can be normal, significant alterations should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. Regular check-ups and open communication with your doctor about your menstrual health can help identify any potential issues early on and ensure that you maintain optimal reproductive health. If you have concerns about your menstrual cycle or related symptoms, do not hesitate to reach out to a gynecologist or healthcare provider for personalized advice and treatment options.

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